2011年职称英语理工类C级完型填空新增文章.doc

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1、2011年职称英语理工类C级完型填空新增文章教材第三篇文章WhatIstheCoolestGasintheUniverse?WhatisthecoldestairtemperatureeverrecordedontheEarth?Wherewasthislowtemperaturerecorded?ThecoldestrecordedtemperatureonEarthwas-91℃whichoccurredinAntarcticain1983．Weencounteraninterestingsituationwhenwediscusstemperatu

2、resinspace TemperaturesinEarthorbitactuallyrangefromabout+120℃to-120℃．Thetemperaturedependsuponwhetheryouareindirectsunlightorshade．Obviously,-l20℃iscolderthanourbodycansafelyendure．ThankNASAscienceforwell-designedspace suitsthatprotectastronautsfromthesetemperatureextremes．Thesp

3、acetemperaturesjustdiscussedaffectonlyOurarealofthesolarsystem．Obviously，itishotterclosertotheSunandcolderaswetravelawayfromtheSun．AstronomersestimatetemperaturesatPlutoareabout-210℃．Howcoldisthelowestestimatedtemperatureintheentireuniverse?Again，itdependsuponyourlocation．Weareta

4、ughtitissupposedlyimpossibletohaveatemperaturebelowabsolutezero，whichis-273℃，atwhichatomsdonotmove．Twoscientists，whosenamesareCornellandWieman，havesuccessfullycooleddownagastemperaturebarelyaboveabsolutezero．TheywonaNobelPrizeinPhysicsin2001fortheirwork—notadiscovery，inthiscase2．

5、Whyisthetwoscientists'worksoimportanttoscience?Inthel920s，SatyendraNathBosewasstudyinganinterestingtheoryaboutparticleswenowcallphotons．BosehadtroubleconvincingotherscientiststobelievesohecontactedAlbertEinstein．Einstein'scalculationshelpedhimtheorizewouldbehaveasBosethought——but

6、onlyatverycoldtemperatures．Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatultra-coldatomscanhelpthemmaketheworld'satomicclocksevenmoreaccurate．Theseclocksaresoaccuratetodaytheywouldonlylose30nesecondevery sixmillionyears!Suchaccuracywillhelpustravelinspacebecausedistanceisvelocitytimestime4(d=v

7、×t)．With5thelongdistancesinvolvedinspacetraveltoknowtimeasaccuratelyaspossibletogetaccuratedistance．词汇：Antarctican．南极洲Orbitn．轨道NASA美国国家航空和航天管理局Astronomern．天文学家Pluton．冥王星Photonn．光子Theorizev．推理，使理论化Velocityn．速度注释：1．ourarea：我们的这个区域。指的是太阳系中环地球的宇宙空间。2．inthiscase：在这个案例中。诺贝尔物理奖一般是授予创立某种

8、重大理论或有着重大发现的科学家。在这一案例中，两位科学家不是由于有重大科学发现而