第二十二章 营养与儿科疾病.ppt

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1、第二十二章营养与儿科疾病Chapter22Nutritionandpediatricdiseases唐玉涵刘菊英主页目录-Home第一节蛋白质-热能营养不良Section1Protein-energymalnutritionPEM一、PEM与营养的关系TherelationshipbetweenPEMandnutrition蛋白质和热能摄入不足Inadequateintakeofproteinandenergy蛋白质和热量消耗增加或机体需要突增Consumptionofproteinandcaloriesortheneedsincreasingsuddenly营养代谢变化Change

2、sinnutrientmetabolism二、营养预防NutritionalPrevention提倡母乳喂养Advocatebreastfeeding及时治疗相关疾病Treatmentofassociateddiseases timely早发现、早冶疗Earlydetectionandearlytreatment三、营养治疗NutritionTherapy营养治疗原则Principlesofnutritiontherapy蛋白质和能量Proteinandenergy维生素和矿物质Vitaminsandminerals水电解质平衡Waterandelectrolytebalance流质、

3、半流质Liquid,orsemi-liquiddiet三、营养治疗NutritionTherapy食物和营养素的选择choiceoffoodandnutrients能量和蛋白质Energyandprotein食物和营养素foodandnutrients婴儿饮食Babyfood recipes儿童饮食Children'sdiet第二节肥胖症Section2Obesity定义definition肥胖症：机体脂肪过度积聚和脂肪组织过量扩增的一种营养障碍性疾病。Obesityisanexcessofbodyfatthatfrequentlyresultsinasignificantimpair

4、mentofhealth.Obesityresultswhenthesizeornumberoffatcellsinaperson'sbodyincreases.Obesityisassociatedwithanincreasedriskofillness,disability,anddeath.一、本病与营养的关系Relationshipbetweenobesityandnutrition血脂lipid三酰甘油triglyceride、胆固醇cholesterol、低密度脂蛋白LDL，高密度脂蛋白HDL血糖BloodGlucose二、营养预防Nutritionalprevention

5、三、营养治疗Nutritiontherapy原则Principles能量负平衡、促进脂肪分解根本原则Negativeenergybalanceandpromotingthelipolysisarefundamentalprinciples.食物及营养素选择Thechoiceoffoodandnutrients蛋白质、脂肪、糖类Protein、fats、carbohydrate能量供给energysupply低脂、高蛋白、高维生素、高膳食纤维Low-fat,high-protein,high-vitaminandhigh-fiber满足食欲和避免饥饿感Satisfyingtheappet

6、iteandavoidinghunger一、本病与营养的关系RelationshipbetweenInfantdiarrheaandnutrition急性腹泻AcuteDiarrhea病程不超过14天clinicalcourselessthan14days慢性腹泻ChronicDiarrhea病程超过两个月clinicalcoursemorethan2months吸收不良以及免疫性、过敏性腹泻二、营养代谢变化及营养预防Changesinmetabolismandnutritionprevention三、营养治疗nutritiontreatment治疗原则Treatmentprincip

7、les急性腹泻:减轻肠道负担Acutediarrhea:reducingtheburdenofintestinal慢性腹泻:对症和对因治疗，勿滥用抗生素。Chronicdiarrhea:symptomatictreatmentandduetotreatment,nottouseantibioticsindiscriminately.食物和营养素选择初期禁食限制脂肪、单双糖，适量蛋白质，大量水溶性维生素饮食调整禁食后的营养供给补水Choiceof