工业革命史History of The Industrial Revolution_英语介绍.ppt

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1、HistoryofTheIndustrialRevolution(工业革命史)Contents1.Asimpleintroduction2.FirstIndustrialRevolution3.SecondIndustrialRevolution4.Thethirdrevolutionofscienceandtechnology5.latestIndustrialRevolutionIntroductionTherehavebeenthreecompleteindustrialrevolutionsinhumanhistory,successivelythesteamtechnolo

2、gyrevolution(蒸汽技术革命),thepowertechnologyrevolution(电力技术革命)andtheinformationtechnologyrevolution(信息技术革命).Today,withthedevelopmentofinternetindustrialization(互联网产业化),industrialintelligence(工业智能)andindustrialintegration(工业一体化),peopleclaimedthatthefourthindustrialrevolution(第四次工业革命)hascomequietly.Fi

3、rstIndustrialRevolutionTheFirstIndustrialRevolution(orsteamtechnologyrevolution蒸汽技术革命)tookplacefromthe18thto19thcenturiesinEuropeandAmerica.Itwasaperiodwhenmostlyagrarian(农耕),ruralsocietiesbecameindustrialandurban.Theironandtextileindustries(钢铁和纺织工业),alongwiththedevelopmentofthesteamengine(蒸汽机)

4、,playedcentralrolesintheIndustrialRevolution.Pictureofthesteamengine(蒸汽机)In1785,Watt'simprovedsteamengine(瓦特改良的蒸汽机)wasputintouse,providingmoreconvenientpoweranddrivingthepopularization(普及)anddevelopmentofmachinery.In1807,thesteam-poweredsteamboatpilotofAmericanFultonsucceeded.美国人富尔顿制成以蒸汽为动力的汽船试

5、航成功。In1814,BritishmanStephensuninventedthesteam-poweredcar.英国人史蒂芬孙发明了蒸汽汽车。Thefirstindustrialrevolutiongreatlystrengthenedthelinksbetweendifferentpartsoftheworld,changedthefaceoftheworld,andfinallyestablishedthedominanceofthebourgeoisiefortheworld(确立了资产阶级对世界的统治地位).Britainfirstcompletedtheindustr

6、ialrevolutionandsoonbecametheworld'shegemon(世界霸主).Thefirstindustrialrevolutiongreatlyimprovedproductivity(生产力)andspreadadvancedproductiontechniquesandadvancedproductionexperience.Capitalistcountries(资本主义国家)seizecommoditymarketsandrawmaterialsaroundtheworldandenslave(奴役)localfarmers.Ithasexacerb

7、ated(加剧)thepovertyandbackwardnessoflocalfarmers,makingtheeastbelongtothewest.SecondIndustrialRevolutionThe SecondIndustrialRevolution(orpowertechnologyrevolution电力技术革命)tookplacebetween1870and1914,justbefore WorldWarI. Itwasaperiod