供应链12说课材料.ppt

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1、供应链管理12Costtrade-offstoBeConsideredbythePurchasingExecutive*Thesavingsassociatedwithvolumebuyinginclude:Lowerper-unitpurchasingpricesLowertransportationcostsLowerwarehousehandlingcostsLowerorder-processingcostsLowerproductionlotquantitycostsLowerstockoutcosts±Thecostsofcarryinginventoryincl

2、ude:CapitalcostsassociatedwiththeinventoryinvestmentInventoryservicecosts(insuranceandtaxes)StoragespacecostsInventoryriskcostsCostsavingsassociatedwithvolumebuying*InventorycarryingcostsSource:DouglasM.LambertandJayU.Sterling,“MeasuringPurchasingPerformance,”ProductionandInventoryManagemen

3、tReview4,no.6(June1984),p.52.ReprintedwithpermissionfromP&IMReview,June1984.Copyright1984byT.D.A.Publications,Inc.,Hollywood,FL.ReducingOrderingCostsResultsinaSmallerEconomicOrderQuantityLowesttotalcosts(EOQ)OrderingcostTotalcostSizeoforderInventorycarryingcostsAnnualcost(dollars)SupplierDe

4、velopmentDefinedAsystematicorganizationalefforttocreateandmaintainanetworkofcompetentsuppliersandtoimprovevarioussuppliercapabilitiesthatarenecessaryforthebuyingorganizationtomeetitsincreasingcompetitivechallenges.ObjectivesofSystemsContractsandStocklessPurchasingLowerinventorylevels.Reduce

5、thenumberofsuppliers.Reduceadministrativecostandpaperwork.Reducethenumberofpurchasesofsmalldollarvalueandrequisitionsthatpurchasershavetohandle.Providetheopportunityforlargerdollarvolumesofbusinesstosuppliers.Providefortimelydeliveryofmaterialdirectlytouser.Standardizepurchaseitemswhenpossib

6、le.KeyPerformanceMeasuresPriceeffectivenessCostsavingsWorkloadAdministrationandcontrolEfficiencyVendorqualityanddeliveryMaterialflowcontrolRegulatory,societal,andenvironmentalmeasuresProcurementplanningandresearchCompetitionInventoryTransportationSourcingValueChainSource:MatthewG.Andersonand

7、PaulB.Katz,“StrategicSourcing,”TheInternationalJournalofLogisticsManagement9,no.12(1998),p.7.EvaluateandselectsuppliersProcurematerialsCreateannualplanManagesupplierrelationshipsDeveloprequirementsItemrequirementsbycategoryacrosstheuserbaseGoalsand