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1、Individuallearnerdifferenceanditsinfluenceuponsecondlanguageacquisition学习者个体差异及其对二语习得的影响余美根PreliminaryquestionsWhyarelearnersdifferentfromeachother?Whatarethosefactorswhichmakethedifference?IndividuallearnerdifferencesandsecondlangueacquisitionAspectsofSLAinfluenceGener
2、allytherearetwoaspects:1.theroute2.therateandfinalsuccessrouteRoute:thesequenceoflanguagelearningCanILDinfluenceroute?NO,innaturalisticsituation.(Krashen’snaturalsequencehypothesis)LLTLRateandfinalsuccessRateisthemostprominentinfluence.FinalsuccessHowfarwillthelearnergo?L
3、LTLLLTLClassificationofILDTwocategoriesareidentified:1.personalfactors2.generalfactorsPersonalfactorsPersonalfactorsarehighlyidiosyncraticfeaturesofeachindividual’sapproachtolearningaL2(theymaynotbepresentforsomestudents).Therearethreeitems:groupdynamicsattitudestotheteac
4、herandcoursematerialsindividuallearningtechniques.groupdynamics(班级活力)---theinfluenceofbeinginagroupuponindividuallearnersGenerally,anxietyandcompetitivenessfeltbyindividuallearnersaredifferent.Topstudents,averagelearnersandlowachieversmayhavedifferentattitudeandfeelingst
5、owardstheirplaceinthegroup.Howdotheyfeel?LAALTSAttitudestotheteachersandcoursematerialsHowdothelearnersliketheirteachers,abouttheirattractiveness,appearance,thewaytheydress,personality,etc?Whatwouldbetheresultsiftheyliketheteacher,oriftheydonot?CoursematerialsTheformofthe
6、materials:books,discs,ormovies…?Thewaythematerialispresented:densely/looselytyped,pictures,illustrations,diagramsornot?Individuallearningtechniques(learningstrategies)Twocategoriesareidentified:1.techniquesinvolvinginstudyingtheL2:e.g.howtomemorizevocabulary?2.techniques
7、involvinginobtainingL2inpute.g.dotheyseekallchancestotalk?GeneralfactorsThegeneralfactorsarevariablesthatarecharacteristicofalllearners.Theydiffernotinwhethertheyarepresentinaparticularindividual’sleaning,butintheextenttowhichtheyarepresent,orthemannerinwhichtheyarerealiz
8、ed.Classificationofgeneralfactors5categoriesareidentified:agePersonality (个性,人格)Motivationandatt