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时间:2020-09-04
《定语从句关系副词讲解及练习说课材料.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、定语从句中关系副词的用法 关系副词,顾名思义,是联系先行词和定语从句的词,属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when,where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下: 表时间的名词+when+定语从句 when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句:IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing. I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy. 表地点的名词+where+定语从句 where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状
2、语。 例句:Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity. ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago. 表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句:ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略) 上句也可以这样表示: ThatisthereasonIdidthejob. 又如: Thiswasthereas
3、on(why)weraisedthetemperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单,以下注意点不可忽视: 1)“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子: *IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore. *Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool. **Thisistheho
4、spitalwheremymotherworks. **Thisisthehospitalwhich/thatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday. ***Thereasonwhyhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill. ***Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegavehisbossintheoffice. 2)“when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+which”,介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如: Doyoustillrememberthe
5、dayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?(onwhich=when) Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=where) DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why) 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系,尤其在非限制性定语从句中,常使用“介词+which”结构,而不使用关系副词。例如: Mymotherworksinafactory,infrontofwh
6、ichthereisasmallriver. Atnightthesoldiersgottoasmallhill,atthefootofwhichstoodafarmhouse. 3)关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。 例如:IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIfirstvisitedtheGreatWall. HecametoShanghaiin1980,whenhewasonly12. Idon’tknowtheexactspotwhereth
7、eywillmeet. MrWangwillflytoBeijing,wherehewillstayforthreemonths. 有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。 DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace? ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused“foreignoil.”. 4)
8、“that”可活用为关系副词,相当于“when,where、why”和“介词+which”结构,尤其在“thetimewhen”等结构中的“when”
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