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1、CHAPTER1 THEANGLO-SAXONPERIODBeowulfANGLO-SAXONPERIODTheAnglo-SaxonperiodistheearliestrecordedtimeperiodinEnglishhistory.WhatdoyouknowaboutTheAnglo-Saxons?HOMEWORK-CHECKINGPREVIEWJOBforNextWeek: Readfrompage1topage9basedonthefollowingpoints:---theorigin
2、ofEnglishPeople---whobroughtwiththemthesongofBeowulftoEngland---Whatdoes“Saxon”mean?---thestyleofliteratureinthisperiod---readBeowulfcarefullyandsummarizeitscharacteristics.☞THEANGLO-SAXONPERIOD (450—1066)1.TheHistoricalBackground:1)400B.C.,theCeltsfrom
3、westofFrance2)43AD,Romansconquest3)449,Anglo-Saxonconquest4)1066,Normans(France)conquestTHEORIGINOFENGLISHPEOPLECeltictribeswereoriginalinhabitantslivedinBritainbeforethecomingofAnglo-Saxon.In55B.C.,RomaninvadedBritainintheleadingofJuliusCaesar,thenClau
4、diusconquereditinA.D.43andBritainbecomeaRomanprovinceInmid-5thC,Angles,SaxonsandJutesmigratedtoEnglandfromEuropeanContinent.(westernDenmarkandthenorthwestcoastofGermany)Theywereinthelatestageoftribalism.Inthe7thC,7kingdomsco-existed.Inthe8thC,Wessexbeca
5、meamilitaryandpoliticalcenter.Fromthelate8thC,DanescametoharasstheeasterncoastofBritain.Lastingformorethanacentury,inthelate9thC,KingAlfredofWessexsucceedinthewaragainstDanes.AllthekingdomswereunitedtogethertooneandruledEnglandforaquarterofacentury.(A.D
6、.1017-1042)1066,NormansinvadedEnglandbytheleadingofWilliam,theDukeofNormandy.ItwasNormanConquestthatendedthehistoryoftheOldEngland.Socialconditions:disintegrationoftribalism↓formationoffeudalismReligiousbelief:theywereheathen(异教徒的）peopleandbelievedinold
7、mythologyofNorthernEurope.Inthe7thC,theywerechristianizedandthemonasterieswerebuilt.Fewpeoplecouldreadandwriteexceptthemonks.Sotheywerecalledliterarymonks.CULTURALINFLUENCESEnglandisnotmuchaffectedbytheRomanconquest.TheAnglo-SaxonbroughtBritainGermanicl
8、anguageandculture.NormansbroughttheMediterraneancivilization,e.g.Greekculture,RomanlawandChristianreligion.THEANGLO-SAXONPERIOD (LITERATURE)2.TheLiteraryBackground:twobranchesofliteraturepagan(异教徒）:oralsagas（英雄冒险故事）TheSongofBeowu
