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1、Grammar定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词有:when,where,why关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.（二）关系代词引导的定语从句Who指人，在从句中可做主语和宾语。作宾语
2、时可省略。Thepeoplewhocalledyesterdaywantedtobuythehouse.Thecouple(who)wemetonholidaysentusacard.whom指人,在从句中作宾语,可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whom)wesawattheBeijingHotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.that指人或物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。ThehousethatI’mgoingtobuyfaces
3、south.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm(that)I’veseen.which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。e.g.I’mnotinterestedinthebookwhichhasjustbeenpublished.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaperwhichcarriestheimportantnews.*whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。eg.That’st
4、hemanwhosehousewasburneddown.关系代词主语宾语定语指人指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhose关系代词在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：1)先行词是不定代词:all,little,much,something,nothing,anything，none,theone时。Allthatwehavetodoistopracticeeveryday.我们要做的就是每天练习。注意！2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。3）当主句的主
5、语是疑问词who或which时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?4)先行词被all,any,few,little,no,theonly,thevery（恰恰，正好）,thelast等修饰。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.你给我的书我全读完了。HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。5)先行词既有人又有物时。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。由as引导的定语从句
6、引导限制性定语从句常用在下列句式中such+n.+as…“像……一样的”，“像……之类的”thesame+n.+as…“和……同样的注意！Itisthesamepersonaswewantedtofindyesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。Doyouhavesuchbooksaswelike?你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity___Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChi
7、neseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Isthereanythingelse___yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what4.What’sthenameoftheman____?A.youborrowedhiscarB.whichcaryouborrowedC.whosecary
