《供应链管理》 Inventory Management Cycle Inventoryppt课件.ppt

《《供应链管理》 Inventory Management Cycle Inventoryppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、InventoryManagement:CycleInventory第四單元：InventoryManagement:CycleInventory1Understocking:DemandexceedsamountavailableLostmarginandfuturesalesOverstocking:AmountavailableexceedsdemandLiquidation,Obsolescence,HoldingRoleofInventoryintheSupplyChain2EconomiesofscaleSto

2、chasticvariabilityofsupplyanddemandBatchsizeandcycletimeQuantitydiscountsShorttermdiscounts/TradepromotionsServicelevelgivensafetyinventoryEvaluatingServicelevelgivensafetyinventoryWhyholdinventory?3ImproveMatchingofSupplyandDemandImprovedForecastingReduceMaterialF

3、lowTimeReduceWaitingTimeReduceBufferInventoryEconomiesofScaleSupply/DemandVariabilitySeasonalVariabilityCycleInventorySafetyInventorySeasonalInventoryCostEfficiencyAvailabilityResponsivenessImproveMatchingofSupplyandDemandRoleofInventoryintheSupplyChain4CycleInvent

4、oryImproveMatchingofSupplyandDemandImprovedForecastingReduceMaterialFlowTimeReduceWaitingTimeReduceBufferInventoryEconomiesofScaleSupply/DemandVariabilitySeasonalVariabilitySafetyInventorySeasonalInventoryCostEfficiencyAvailabilityResponsivenessCycleinventoryisthea

5、verageinventorythatbuiltupinthesupplychainbecauseastageofthesupplychaineitherproducesorpurchasesinlotsthatarelargerthanthosedemandedbythecustomer.CycleInventoryInventoryTimetCycleinventory=lotsize/2=Q/2Q5Little’sLawAverageflowtime=Averageinventory/AverageflowrateAv

6、erageflowtimeresultingfromcycleinventoryQ:LotsizeD:DemandperunittimeForanysupplychain,averageflowrateequalsthedemand,=Cycleinventory/Demand=Q/2D6HoldingCycleInventoryforEconomiesofScaleFixedcostsassociatedwithlotsQuantitydiscountsTradePromotions7EconomicsofScaletoE

7、xploitFixedCosts—EconomicOrderQuantity—D=AnnualdemandoftheproductS=FixedcostincurredperorderC=Costperunith=HoldingcostperyearasafractionofproductcostH=Holdingcostperunitperyear=hCQ=Lotsizen=Orderfrequency8CostLotSizeLotSizingforaSingleProduct(EOQ)Annualordercost=(

8、D/Q)S=nsAnnualholdingcost=(Q/2)H=(Q/2)hCAnnualmaterialcost=CDTC=CD+(D/Q)S+(Q/2)hCHoldingCostMaterialCostOrderCostTotalCost9CostLotSizeAnnualorder