缺氧病理生理学ppt课件.ppt

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1、Chapter6Hypoxia绝食14天绝水7天绝O2数分钟O2是人体的第一生命物质。摄取携带运输利用O2O2ConceptHypoxiacanbedefinedasdeficiencyineitherthedeliveryortheutilizationofoxygenatthetissuelevel,whichcanleadtochangesinfunction,metabolismandevenstructureofthebody.或机能、代谢、形态结构异常氧利用障碍组织中毒或损伤氧的摄取、携带、运输障碍组织供氧

2、不足Parametersofbloodoxygen1.partialpressureofoxygen,PO2物理溶解于血浆中的氧所产生的张力血液运载O2的方式物理溶解形式化学结合形式1.5%98.5%PO2isthetensionproducedbyoxygenmoleculesphysicallydissolvedinplasma.◣Partialpressureofinspiredoxygen（吸入气氧分压，PiO2）◣Partialpressureofoxygeninthealveoli(肺泡内氧分压，PAO2)

3、ActingfactorPaO2：100mmHg（13.3kPa）PvO2：40mmHg（5.3kPa）Normalvalue2.oxygenbindingcapacity,CO2max100ml血液中Hb所能结合氧的最大毫升数Maximalamountofoxygenthatcanbepotentiallyboundbythehaemoglobiniscalledoxygenbindingcapacityofhaemoglobin.HbconcentrationandqualityActingfactorNormal

4、value:20ml%100ml血液实际所含的氧量3.oxygencontent,CO2Thetotaloxygencontentofbloodincludesoxygenthatisboundtohaemoglobinanphysicallydissolvedinplasma.①PaO2；②CO2maxInartery:19ml%；Invein:14ml%ActingfactorNormalvalue4.oxygensaturation,SO2血氧饱和度＝血氧含量-物理溶解氧量血氧容量╳100％SO2istheper

5、centageofhaemoglobinpresentasoxyhaemoglobin.Inartery：93－95％Invein：70－75％Actingfactor：PaO2NormalvalueA.V.5.arteriovenousbloodoxygendifference,A－VDO2动脉血与静脉血氧含量之差19ml/dl14ml/dl5ml/dlO2O2O2O2O2Normalvalue：5ml%utilizationofoxygeninthetissueActingfactor：Section1Classi

6、fication,Etiology&Pathogenesis◆Hypotonichypoxia（低张性缺氧）各种原因使PaO2，以致血氧含量，组织供氧不足而引起的缺氧。HypotonichypoxiaischaracterizedbythedecreaseofPaO2,alsocalledhypoxichypoxia.◣Etiology1.DecrasePO2ofinspiredair：plateau2.Externalrespiratorydysfunction：COPD3.Venous-to-arterials

7、hunts：congenitalheartdisease特征性变化◣CharacteristicsofbloodO2★PaO2◣其他：血氧含量，血氧饱和度★紫绀(cyanosis)HHb>5g％时，皮肤粘膜呈青紫色的现象紫绀缺氧不一定不一定严重贫血红细胞增多症◆Hemichypoxia（血液性缺氧）HemichypoxiareferstothealteredaffinityofHBforoxygenordecreaseinamountofHBintheblood.3.高铁血红蛋白血症(Methemoglobine

8、mia)2.CO中毒（Carbonmonoxidepoisoning）◣Etiology1.贫血（anemia）:最常见的血液性缺氧HbCO2樱桃红色HbFe3+OH石板色肠源性紫绀特征性变化◣CharacteristicsofbloodO2★氧容量◣其他：氧含量,PaO2和氧饱和度正常◆Circulatoryhypoxia（