语言学-全部习题+答案.doc

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1、第三章Morphology　　I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse：　　1.Morphologystudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.　　2.Wordsarethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguage.　　3.Justasaphonemeisthebasicunitinthestudyofphonology，soisamorphemethebasicunitinthestudy

2、ofmorphology.　　4.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitsthatcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselvesarefreemorphemes.　　5.Boundmorphemesincludetwotypes：rootsandaffixes.　　6.Inflectionalmorphemesmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchasnumber，tense，degree，andcase.　　7.Theexistingformtowhichader

3、ivationalaffixcanbeaddediscalledastem，whichcanbeaboundroot，afreemorpheme，oraderivedformitself.　　8.Prefixesusuallymodifythepartofspeechoftheoriginalword，notthemeaningofit.　　9.Therearerulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeofstemtoformanewword.Therefore，wordsformedaccordingtothemorpholo

4、gicalrulesareacceptablewords.　　10.Phonetically，thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement，whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress.　　II.Fillineachblankbelowwithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven：　　11.M____isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.　　12.Theaffix“-ish”intheword‘boyish’

5、conveysag____meaning.　　13.B___________morphemesarethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes，eitherfreeorbound，toformaword.　　14.Affixesareoftwotypes：inflectionalaffixesandd__________affixes.　　15.D________affixesareaddedtoanexistingformtocreatewords.　　16.As______

6、isaddedtotheendofstemstomodifythemeaningoftheoriginalwordanditmaycasechangeitspartofspeech.　　17.C__________isthecombinationoftwoorsometimesmorethantwowordstocreatenewwords.　　18.Therulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeofstemtoformanewwordarecalledm___________rules.　　19.Intermsofmorph

7、emicanalysis，d_______________canbeviewedastheadditionofaffixestostemstoformnewwords.　　20.As______canbeaboundroot，afreemorpheme，oraderivedformitselftowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeadded.　　III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbes