基于知识考古学的朱震亨肝“司疏泄”形成分析-论文.pdf

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1、世界中医药2013年9月第8卷第9期·1039·基于知识考古学的朱震亨肝“司疏泄’’形成分析李成卫王庆国(北京中医药大学，北京，100029)摘要将理论的起源追溯到《内经》是中医学学术史研究普遍采用的方法。本文以肝主疏泄与《内经》关系为例，采用知识考古学分析其研究方法，认为这种追溯实际上是一种历史虚构。故以金元社会文化、医学理论为背景，将朱震亨肝“司疏泄”理论要素拆分，分别讨论其来源及构建方法，结论认为，肝“司疏泄”不是一个独立理论，属于对于肾精“肾藏一肝疏一心控”理论的一个环节，是朱震亨采用程朱理学阴阳动静观、心性论、格致论的方法，在刘完素火热论、李东垣元气阴火论基础上，解决火热在杂病中的

2、病机演变(伤阴)、治疗方法及生理基础等医学问题而提出的相火论、阳有余阴不足论的一个具体学说。关键词朱震亨；肝主疏泄；理论研究；知识考古学ConstructionAnalysisofZhuZhenheng’STheory一“LiverGovernsSmoothingandDispersing”一BasedontheArchaeologyKnowledgeLiChengwei，WangQingguo(曰engUniversityofChineseMedicine，Beng100029，China)AbstractTracingbacktoHuangdi’SCanonofMedicinetostu

3、dytheoriginforaTCMtheoryisacommonlyusedmethodinthestudyoftheacademichistoryofChineseMedicinenowadays．Archaeologyfactdeniesthatthetheory“livergovernssmoothinganddispersingqi’’haditsbeginningsinHuangdi’SCanonofMedicine，whichisaconsensusoftheacademiaatpresentthoughithasbeenquestionedoverthepast20years

4、．Thetheorythat“livergovernssmoothinganddispersing”inGezhiYuLun．FurtherDiscoursesonthePropertiesofThingswrittenbyZhuZhenhengintheYuanDynasty(1206—1368)isthefirstonethatendowstheliverwiththefunctionofsmoothinganddispersing．ThetheoryisnotcitedintheCanonofMedicinethustheformationsofitsobjects，modalitie

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6、ce—notqiinthemodernChinesetheoryanditisonlyapartofthemechanismof“kidneystoring，liversoothing，andheartgoverning”theorybyZhuZhenheng．ZhuZhenhengreconstructedthefiretheo-rythatessenceisstoredinkidney，andmotivatednormallyorabnormallybytheministerialfireinkidneyandliverwhichisdominatedbythemonarchfirein

7、heartafterLiuWansuwhosetheoryisthatsixclimaticexopathogensorfivemindstransfornlintofireandLiDongyuanWhOSetheoryisthatfiredamagesqi．ThereconstructivestrategiescamefromYinandYangdynamiccontemplation，mind—na—t