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1、RiverfrontLandscapeDesignforLondon2012OlympicParkClient:OlympicDeliveryAuthorityLocation:London,UKProjectCredit:AtkinsText:MikeMcNicholas,ProjectDirector,AtkinsHowdoyouplantalongariver'sedge,knowingthatmillionsofpeoplecouldbepassingthroughthesiteinthenearfuture?Howdoyoudesign,createan
2、dmaintainthesurroundingwetlands,knowingthatman-madewetwoodlandisveryrareandtransitionalbynature?Howdoyouensurethatthehabitatbeingcreatedremainsviableandsustainableinthelong-term?Atkins’engineersofthewetlandsandriveredgesontheLondon2012OlympicParkweretaskedwithfindinganswerstoallofthes
3、equestions.Coveringmorethan246hectaresofformerlyderelictindustrialland,London’snewOlympicParkfortheLondon2012OlympicandParalympicGamesisoneofEurope’sbiggest-everurbangreeningprojects.Riversandwetlandsareattheheartofthevisionforthenewpark,whichliesineastLondon’sLowerLeeValley.Thelandsc
4、apethat’snowemergingwillprovideabackdropforthemainactionoftheLondon2012Games.Asriveredgeandwetlandengineersfortheproject,Atkinshasplayedacriticalroleinturningthevisionintoreality.Atkins’remitincludesdesignofthesoftriveredgesandwetlands,includingriverbankrestorationandbioengineering.Th
5、etransformationisunprecedented.Morethan8kmofriverbankshavebeenrestoredaspartoftheproject;intandemwiththis,2hectaresofreedbedsandpondshavebeencreated,alongwith9,000squaremetersofrarewetwoodland(Fig.01).Thechallengewasaboutgettingpeoplebothvisualandphysicalaccessdowntotheriver-toactuall
6、ymaketheriversmoreaccessibleandmoreopen,andthereforethecenterpieceofthePark.MikeVaughanheadsupAtkins'multidisciplinarydesignteam,whichincludesriverengineers,geomorphologistsandecologists.“Theideawastoopenuptherivercorridorbymakingthesteepslopesthatlinetheriverflatter,”explainsMike.“By
7、droppingtheslopes,we’vebroughttheriverintotheparkandmadeitmuchmoreaccessible-peoplecangetclosetotheriverandseewhat’sgoingonthere.”Gettingtheriverbankgeometryjustrightwasadelicatebalancingact.Toosteep,andthebankswouldneedcostlyartificialreinforcement;tooshallow,andtheywouldstarttoeatin
8、toval
