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1、Abstract摘要Lockedplatingforfracturefixationhasenjoyedwidespreadpopularitydespiteapaucityofpublisheddataonoutcomes.Anatomicallyprecontouredlockedplatesthatallowfixationinvariousanatomicregionsarewidelyavailable.Newtechnologiesincorporatesubchondralsupportlockingpegs,polyaxialbushin
2、gs,andlockingwasherstoimproveintraoperativeversatility.However,limiteddataareavailableontheefficacyofthesenewimplants.Theclinicalperformanceoflockedplatesgenerallyhasbeengood.However,severaluniquecomplicationshavebeennoted,suchasdifficultywithimplantremoval,malalignment,fractured
3、istraction,andlossofdiaphysealfixation,especiallywithpercutaneoustechniquesandunicorticalscrews.Theexpenseoflockedplateconstructsisaconcern.Thistechnologytypicallycoststhreetimesmorethansimilarunlockedconstructs.Lockedconstructsshouldbereservedforproblematicfracturesthathavedemon
4、stratedpooroutcomeswithunlockedconstructs.尽管相关临床结果的出版资料比较匮乏,但锁定钢板已经被广泛接受。解剖预塑形锁定钢板允许在多个不同的解剖部位进行固定,因此适应性很广。软骨下支撑锁定针、多轴衬垫以及锁紧垫圈这些新技术的应用使得术中的灵活适应性进一步提高。不过目前有关这些新技术有效性的资料还不够充分。锁定钢板的临床疗效通常是很好的,但是也有其固有的并发症,例如内固定物取出困难、排列不齐、骨折块分散以及骨干固定不牢固,特别是对于预塑形锁定钢板和单皮质螺钉。锁定钢板价格昂贵也是一个问题,这项技术的花费超过同类非锁定
5、钢板的3倍。锁定钢板应该被应用于非锁定钢板治疗效果不好的难治性骨折病人。InnovationsinLockedPlateDesignandSurgicalTechniques锁定钢板设计及外科技术的进展Thefirstcommerciallyavailablelockedplatedesignedforperiar-ticularfracturefixation,theLessIn?vasiveStabilizationSystem(LISS;Synthes,Paoli,PA),hasbeeninuseintheUnitedStatesfornearly
6、adecade.Thistitaniumalloy,fixed-trajectorylockingplatewithinstru?mentationoptimizedforpercutane?ousinsertiondemonstratedaclearadvantageovertraditionalplateswithregardtounionrateswithoutsecondarysurgeryandimprovedend-segmentfixation.1TheLISSsys?temreliesonunicorticalshaftfix?ation
7、andself-drilling,self-tappingscrews.Publisheddatahavebeenencouraging.However,malalignmentisnotinfrequent,evenwhenusedbyexperiencedsurgeons2-9(Figure1).第一个应用于关节外骨折的商品化锁定钢板LISS系统在美国已经使用了有10年时间了。这种通过仪器精确定位经皮插入的钛合金固定轨道锁定钢板相比传统钢板在有关骨不连发生率方面显示出明显的优越性,减少了二次手术并强化了骨折远端固定强度【1】。LISS系统采用自钻自攻
8、螺钉进行骨干单皮质固定。文献资料报告了其优越性。但是骨排列不齐也并非一个可以忽略