句子结构和被动语态.ppt

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1、UnitTwoGrammar:BasicSentenceStructures&PassiveVoiceS.=Subject主语V.=PredicateVerb谓语动词DO=DirectObject直接宾语IO=IndirectObject间接宾语OC=ObjectComplement宾语补足语P=Predicative表语1.S+V(Vi):Thedogran.2.S+V(Vt)+DO:Sheiswritingaletter.3.S+V(Vt)+DO+IO:Sheiswritingalettertohim.Sheiswritinghimaletter

2、.4.S+V(Vt)+DO+OC:Theymakethecitymorebeautiful.5.S+V+P:Youarestudents.P.P.过去分词S+V+DOS+be+p.p.by+原主语之宾格形式Sheiswritingaletter.By2010,theyhadbuilttenbridges.Aletterisbeingwritten(byher).By2010,tenbridgeshadbeenbuilt(bythem).S+V+DO+IOS(原DO)+be+p.p.+to/for+原IO+by+原主语之宾格形式S(原IO)+b

3、e+p.p.+原DO+by+原主语之宾格形式Helentmeabike.Abikewaslenttome(byhim).Iwaslentabike(byhim).S+V+O+OCS+be+p.p.+OC+by+原主语之宾格形式Theywillmakethecitymorebeautiful.Hesawathiefstealsomethingfromtheroom.Thecitywillbemademorebeautiful(bythem).Athiefwasseentostealsomethingfromtheroom.带宾语从句的句子改为被

4、动语态的两个句型Peoplesaythatsheknowsfivelanguages.宾语从句的主语+be+主句谓语的过去分词+宾语从句谓语动词的不定式的恰当形式It+be+主句谓语的过去分词+that+原宾语从句Sheissaidtoknowfivelanguages.Itissaidthatsheknowsfivelanguages.PracticeWebelievethebookhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.ThebookisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.Iti

5、sbelievedthatthebookhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.ExpressionswithpassivevoiceItissaidthat…据说Itishopedthat…希望Itissupposedthat…据推测说；人们认为Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认Itmustbepointedoutthat…必须指出Itiswellknownthat…众所周知Itisbelievedthat…据信，有人相信《伴你成长》P27主动形式表示被动意义某些感官动词与形容词连用时feel,look,prove

6、,smell,sound,taste…这水碰上去很冷。Thewater______________.这菜尝起来很可口。Thedish_______________.feelsverycoldtastesdelicious主动形式表示被动意义beworth+doing这本小说值得看两遍。Thenovelis_______________.worthreadingtwice主动形式表示被动意义动词want,need,require,deserve后用动名词的主动形式,动名词与主语为动宾关系孩子们需要照料。Thechildrenneedlookingaft

7、er=needtobelookedafter.窗户需要修理。Thewindowwants/requires________.=?这点值得一提。Thispoint___________________.=?.deservesmentioningrepairing主动形式表示被动意义某些不及物动词和副词well,easily,smoothly等连用时Theclothwasheswell.clean,cut,cook,burn,draw,pick,play,read,sell,tear（撕破）,wash,wear,write等这书很畅销。Thebook__

8、________well.这首诗读起来很流畅。Thepoem__________smoothly.这副眼镜戴