《句子成分和结构》PPT课件.ppt

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1、句子成分主语谓语宾语表语状语定语补语同位语主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，但therebe结构，疑问句和倒装句例外。Knowledgeispower.Wearefriends.Threewillbeenoughforus.Toseeistobelieve.Theinjuredhavebeensenttohospital.Doingexerciseisbeneficialtoourhealth.Whatweneedismoney.名词代词数词不定式名词化的形容词动名词主语从句ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.Istha

2、twhatthelittledogfound?Outrushedthestudents.谓语1、简单谓语：由简单动词或短语动词构成。Iboughtatoycarformybabyyesterday.2、复合谓语：1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的适当形式构成。Youneedn’twritedownwhatyourteacherssaywordbyword.Hehascaughtabadcold.2)系动词+表语Wearestudents.Theleavesturnyellowinautumn.表语:用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,一般位于系动词之后（be,感官动词fe

3、el、look、sound、taste、smell、表示变化类become、grow、get、turn、go，表示保持类keep、stay、remain，以及appear、seem、prove等）Lilyturneddoctoraftergraduation.Moneyisn’teverything.Theclassisover.MyjobisteachingEnglish.Theymustbeinthelibrary.名词代词副词动名词介词短语6.Thepurposeofthisactivityistoeducatepeopleaboutsavingwater.7.

4、Myhopeisthatallofyouareabletodevoteyourselvestostudyandliveyourdreams.不定式表语从句宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。Ireceivedabunchofredrosesonmyweddinganniversary.Wheredidyoubuythat?Twoplusthreemakesfive.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Iwanttobuyasecond-handelectricbike.Idislikeea

5、tingtofu.Hetoldme(that)hewouldgetmarriednextmonth.名词代词数词名词化的形容词不定式动名词宾语从句双宾语tell/buy/show/lend/send/pass/offer,etc.Eg.Helentmesomemoneylastyear.复合宾语（宾语+宾补）1.InamedmysonDuoduo.2.Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.3.Pleasekeepthelighton.4.Ifoundmywalletinthetrash/garbagecan.名词形容词副词介词短语5.Youshouldge

6、ttheworkdonebytomorrow.6.Isawaratrunningtowardsthekitchen.7.Therobberforcedthepoormantotakeoutallhehad.8.IheardTomcryinthenextroom.过去分词现在分词带to的不定式不带to的不定式带to的不定式：ask/tell/want/encourage/advise/requiresbtodosth不带to的不定式：5看3让2听1感觉可带亦可不带to:helpsee/watch/lookat/notice/observelet/make/havelis

7、tento/hearfeel定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。Jintanisabeautifulcity.Jintanisadevelopingcity,whileWujinisadevelopedcity.lemon/familytreeasleepingbagasleepingboy形