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1、新优质文档PartITheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland1.TheBritishIslesconsistsoftwolargeislands;oneiscalledIrelandandtheotherBritain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargerofthesetwoislands,anditisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.2.ThefulltitleofBritainistheUnitedKi
2、ngdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,whichconsistsofScotland,Wales,EnglandandNorthernIreland.AndthepeopleinthesefourprovincesarerespectivelycalledtheScottish,theWelsh,theEnglishandtheIrish.3.ThecapitaloftheUnitedKingdomisLondon.TherearetwoothercitiesinBritaincontainingoveramilli
3、onpeopleeach,thatis,BirminghamandGlasgow.4.TheBritishCommonwealthofNations,ortheCommonwealth,isanassociationofcountriesandotherpoliticalunitsthatwereoncepartoftheBritishEmpire(withtwoexceptions).Nowitiscomprisedof54independentmembersworkingtogetherinthecommoninterestsoftheircitiz
4、ensfordevelopment,democracyandpeace.5.WheredidtheBritishpeoplecomefrom?Invaders(inchronologicalorder)ContributionsIberians?CeltsGaelsScottishandIrishraceandcultureBritonsWelshraceandcultureRomansLatinalphabetandcivilizationAnglo-Saxons(andJutes)EnglishraceandlanguageDanesSomepecu
5、liaritiesofdialectinNorthandEastEnglandNormans(French-speaking)FinalunificationofEngland.Greatadministrativeprogress.EnglishcivilisationpermanentlylinkedtoFranceratherthantoScandinavia.Foundationofaristocracy.6.Intheyear1066,DukeofNormandyclaimedtheEnglishthrone,andafterdefeating
6、andkillingtheSaxonkingHaroldattheBattleofHastings,hewentontoconquerthewholecountry,andtomeritthenameofWilliamtheConqueror.7.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandhasanareaofabout94,060squaremiles.ThepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomisabout61,414,062in2008.Thethreelargestciti
7、esareLondon,BirminghamandGlasgow.8.TheBritishweatherischaracterizedbyuncertainty,andittendstomaketheEnglishmancautious.9.ThePopRevolutionofthe1960schangedthepatternofEnglishlife.Ithasbrokendownsocialbarriersamongtheyoung.IthasalsohelpedtosweepawaymanyoftheinhibitionswhichgavetheB
8、ritishtheirreputationforbeingcoldandrese
