大学英语语法10——动名词短语课件.ppt

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1、CollegeEnglishGrammar:GrammarandWritingByZhuXiangjunUnit10Phrases:GerundPhrasesandAbsolutePhrasesGrammar:1.GerundPhrases2.AbsolutePhrasesWriting:Correcting:MissingCommaswithNonessentialElementsRewriting:Intra-sentencecoherenceI.GerundPhrasesBothageru

2、ndandapresentparticipleendin–ingbuttheyfunctionasdifferentpartsofspeech.Agerundisusedasanoun,whereasapresentparticipleisusedasanadjectiveoranadverb.I.1.FormandfunctionAgerundphraseincludesthegerundandtheobjectofthegerundoranymodifiersrelatedtothegerun

3、d.Likeagerund,itisusedasanoun—assubject,predictive,object,objectofapreposition,orappositive.1)asanountobesubjectYoumustknowyourenemy.Thatisthebestdefense.Knowingyourenemyisthebestdefense.2)asanountobepredictiveHefinisheshissupper.Hetakesashortwalk.Th

4、atishishabit.Inthishabit,hekeepshealthy.Hishabittokeephealthyistakingashortwalkaftersupper.3)asanountobeappositiveHisdreamisfindinglosttreasure.Hisdreamalmostcametruerecently.Hisdream,findinglosttreasure,almostcametruerecently.4)asanountobeobjectItr

5、avelinthecountry.Ilovethat.Ilosemyway.Idon’tlikethat.Ilovetravelinginthecountry,butIdon'tlikelosingmyway.5)asanountobeobjectofaprepositionTheywantedtotraveltoforeigncountry.Theyhavemadepreparationforit.Theyhavemadepreparationfortravelingtoaforeignco

6、untry.I.2.PositionandpunctuationGerundphrasescaneitherholdthesubjectpositionorthedirectobjectposition.Agerundnearlyneverrequiresanypunctuationwithitexceptitsfunctionasappositive.Whenagerundphraseisusedasanappositive,weuseacommatosetitofffromtheworditm

7、odifies.Beggarssellthemselvesashumanbeings.Suchbehaviorarousesthepityofpassers-by.Beggars’behavior,sellingthemselvesashumanbeings,arousesthepityofpassers-by.Shemadearequest.Shewantedtosendforadoctoratonce.Shemadearequest,sendingforadoctoratonce.Note

8、s:1)Thedifferenceisthatagerundphrasewillalwaysfunctionasanounwhileapresentparticiplephrasefunctionsasanadjectiveoranadverbtomodifiesanotherwordinthesentence.Eatingquietly,theyseemlyenjoyedwhattheyareserved.(Aparticipialphraseasanadjectivemodif