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1、直译与意译LiteralTranslationFree/liberalTranslationThedefinitionofliteraltranslationLiteraltranslationtakessentencesasitsbasicunitsandthewholetextintoconsiderationatthesametimeinthecourseoftranslating.Literaltranslationstrivestoreproduceboththeideologicalc
2、ontentandthestyleoftheoriginalliterarywork,itdoesnotmeanword-for-wordtranslation,i.e,neitherawordmorenorawordless.Aliteraltranslatorisaskednottoalterthefiguresofspeech,andstrivetoretainasmuchaspossibletheoriginalsentencestructuresorpatterns,suchasSV,S
3、VO,SVC,SVA,SVOO,SVOC,SVOA.ThedefinitionoffreetranslationFreetranslationaimsatthecommunicativeeffectofthetranslatedversion.ItisalsocalledcommunicativetranslationorassimilationFreetranslationaimsatreproducingtheoriginalideologicalcontent,andstressingthe
4、TLsmoothness.Itdoesnotmeanrandomtranslation.Afreetranslatorcanchangetheoriginalwork’sfiguresofspeech,sentencestructuresorpatterns,buthecannotmakeadditionoromissionoftheoriginalmeaningatwill.MaketheimpliedmeaningknowntotheTLreaders.一、直译的优势直译不仅能保持原作的特点,
5、而且还可使读者逐步接受原作的文学风格，促进语言多样性，丰富目的语的语言形式，以利垮文化沟通与交流，darkhorse,softwarecoldwarchocolatetankfanscoffeehamburgerbusbrandyvitaminecoolshowhumorcloneriflepokerJeepsofasodacarnationlitchi(荔枝)genegolfwhiskypoundbowlingdiscoshampoosaloncartoonromanticengineAIDSr
6、adar黑马软件冷战巧克力Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。Goodtobeginwell,bettertoendwell.要善始善终。Youmustnotlosefaithinhumanity.Humanityisanocean,ifafewdropsoftheoceanaredirty,theoceandoesnotbecomedirty.(Mahatma.Gandhi)你绝对不能对人性失去信赖，人性是大海，即使这个大海里游几滴脏水，它依然是洁净的。Alltheworl
7、disastage.整个世界是个大舞台。tobearmedtoteethtoshowone’scardsshuttlediplomacyagentleman’sagreementtostrikesomebodywhenheisunpreparedPracticemakesperfect.Soongot,soongone.Knowledgeispower.Speechissilver,silenceisgolden.武装到牙齿摊牌穿梭外交君子协定攻其不备熟能生巧来得容易，去得快。知识就是力量。雄辩是
8、银，沉默是金。二、直译意译皆可Tokilltwobirdswithonestone直译：一石二鸟意译：一箭双雕；一举两得Toflogadeadhorse直译：鞭打死马意译：白费力；徒劳；白搭；枉然；事后再做无益的议论Adropinthebucket直译：一桶水中的一滴意译：沧海一粟；太仓一粟；九牛一毛；微不足道；微乎其微；不足挂齿；不值一提；不起眼；非常渺小Shedcrocodile’stears直译：掉鳄鱼眼泪意译：猫哭老鼠；假慈悲competitiveproducts直译：具有
