语言学与应用语言学2004试卷答案.doc

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1、北京外国语大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试语言学与应用语言学专业试卷IMPORTANT!!!AllthequestionsaretobeansweredinEnglishontheanswersheetsprovided．1．ShakespearehasJulietsay：What’sinaname?ThatwhichwecallaroseByanyothernamewouldsmellassweet．Whatdotheabovelinessaytoyouabouttherelationshipbetweentheform(soun

2、ds)andmeaning(concept)ofawordinspokenlanguage?ExplainwithpositiveevidenceaswellasexceptionsfromtheEnglishlanguage．(15points)2．Howmuchdoesourlanguageinfluencethewaywethink?Howdeeplydolanguageandcultureinterpenetrateandinfluenceoneanother?Thesequestionsaboutlanguagehavef

3、ascinatedthinkersthroughouttheages．Forexample，JohannGottfriedHerderandWilhelmyonHumboldtintheGermanRomantictraditionregardedlanguageasaprismaorgridspreadoverthingsintheworldsothateachlanguagereflectsadifferentworldview．Writeashortessaytoexplainyourpositiononthisview．(3

4、5points)3．IsEnglishalanguagethatusesaphoneticalphabetsystem?Explainbrieflywhyorwhynotwithexamples．(15points)4．Supposeyouweregivenfourcards，eachofwhichhadadifferentphonemeofEnglishprintedonit：kblINowarrangethesecardstoformallthe"possible"wordsthatthesefourphonemescouldf

5、orm．Discusswhatrulesyouhavefollowedt0comeupwiththesewords．(20points)5．Paraphraseeachofthefollowingsentencesintwodifferentwaystoshowthatyouunderstandtheambiguityinvolved：(10points)a．Dickfinallydecidedontheboat．b．Theprofessor'sappointmentwasshocking．c．Thegovernorisadirty

6、streetfighter．d．TerryloveshiswifeandsodoI．e．Nosmokingsectionavailable．6．Itisarguedthatgrammaticalityjudgmentsdonotdependonwhetherthesentenceismeaningfulornot,asshownbythesentence"Colorlessgreenideassleepfuriously”，whichdoesnotmakemuchsensebutissyntacticallywellformed．H

7、owwouldyourespondtothisargument?(25points)7．TOEFLoftenrequirestheexamineestospecifythesituationalcontextafterlisteningtoaconversation．Seeforexampleatape-scriptbelowforanexamitem．VoiceA(male)：Howmuchisthistie?VoiceB(female)：FortyVoiceC(male)：Wheredoesthisconversationmos

8、tprobablytakeplace?WhatdoyouthinkistheTOEFLpeople’sbeliefaboutwhatconstituteslinguisticcompetenceandhowlinguisticcomp