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1、1ISSUESTOADDRESS...•Whataretheclassesandtypesofcomposites?•Whataretheadvantagesofusingcomposite materials?•Howdowepredictthestiffnessandstrengthofthe varioustypesofcomposites?Chapter16:Composites2CompositeCombinationoftwoormoreindividualmaterialsDesigngoal:obtainamoredesirablecom
2、binationofproperties(principleofcombinedaction)e.g.,lowdensityandhighstrength3•Composite:--Multiphasematerialthatisartificially made.•Phasetypes:--Matrix-iscontinuous--Dispersed-isdiscontinuousand surroundedbymatrixTerminology/ClassificationAdaptedfromFig.16.1(a),Callister&Rethwi
3、sch8e.4•Dispersedphase:--Purpose:MMC:increasesy,TS,creepresist.CMC:increaseKIcPMC:increaseE,sy,TS,creepresist.--Types:particle,fiber,structural•Matrixphase:--Purposesareto:-transferstresstodispersedphase-protectdispersedphasefromenvironment--Types:MMC,CMC,PMCmetalceramicpolymerTe
4、rminology/ClassificationReprintedwithpermissionfromD.HullandT.W.Clyne,AnIntroductiontoCompositeMaterials,2nded.,CambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork,2019,Fig.3.6,p.47.wovenfiberscrosssectionview0.5mm0.5mm5ClassificationofCompositesAdaptedfromFig.16.2,Callister&Rethwisch8e.6Classifica
5、tion:Particle-Reinforced(i)•Examples:AdaptedfromFig.10.19,Callister&Rethwisch8e.(Fig.10.19iscopyrightUnitedStatesSteelCorporation,1971.)-Spheroiditesteelmatrix:ferrite(a)(ductile)particles:cementite(Fe3C)(brittle)60mmAdaptedfromFig.16.4,Callister&Rethwisch8e.(Fig.16.4iscourtesyCa
6、rboloySystems,Department,GeneralElectricCompany.)-WC/Cocementedcarbidematrix:cobalt(ductile, tough)particles:WC(brittle,hard):600mmAdaptedfromFig.16.5,Callister&Rethwisch8e.(Fig.16.5iscourtesyGoodyearTireandRubberCompany.)-Automobiletirerubbermatrix:rubber(compliant)particles:car
7、bonblack(stiff)0.75mmParticle-reinforcedFiber-reinforcedStructural7Classification:Particle-Reinforced(ii)Concrete–gravel+sand+cement+water-Whysandandgravel?SandfillsvoidsbetweengravelparticlesReinforcedconcrete–Reinforcewithsteelrebarorremesh -increasesstrength-evenifcementmatrix
8、iscrackedPrestressedconcrete-Rebar/remes
