园艺学原理 光线的利用课件.ppt

《园艺学原理 光线的利用课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、园艺学原理Chapter6–光线LIGHT1BacktotheLandRuralpovertyandfoodshortageareforcingnationsandscientiststoengineeranewGreenRevolution.Butthere’salotoflostgroundtomakeup(Time,Oct.26,2009)2大纲光合作用植物空间配置与光线截取关系白化作用色素效用光周性光量与植物生长光源及其用途光量测系统3INTRODUCTIONPlantsrespondtolightquality,quantity

2、,&photoperiod（光周）Lightiselectromagneticradiation（电磁波辐射）(fig.7-2)WaveParticles:photons（光子）4Fig.7.2Electromagneticspectrum电磁波长400-700nm范围为可视光Fig.7.2Electromagneticspectrum5光线属于电磁波辐射Fig.7.1Lightisatransverseelectromagneticwave6光合作用过程（附图5-12,图7.10）光吸收色素：叶绿素、辅助色素（如类胡萝卜素）光能传递：激

3、发能(excitationenergy)波长渐长，能量减少光化学反应反应中心：PS1,PS2氧化还原反应电子传递ATP,NADPH2形成暗反应CalvincycleCO2固定碳水化合物形成7(Nobel,P.S.1999.PhysicalandEnvironmentalPlantPhysiology.)采光天线8Fig.7.10Basicconceptofenergytransferduringphotosynthesis9Photosynthesis12H2O+light+6CO2→C6H12O6+6O2+6H2OChloroplast

4、s(fig.7-15)ProcessofphotosynthesisLightrxCarbondioxidefixation3carbonpathway4carbonpathwayCrassulaceanacidmetabolism（景天酸代谢）(CAM)（table5-1)10类囊体Fig.7.15Transmissionelectronmicrographofachloroplastfrompea(Pisumsativum)111213OrnamentalcabbageCornJadeplant141516Spacing&orient

5、ingplantsforlightinterception（光截取）OptimalspacingFrequentlyplantedattheidealspacingformatureplantsInterplanting（间作）:plantsw/uprighthabits&spreadingplantsw/norbetweenrowsisefficientProgrammeddenseplanting（计划性密植）:denseinitially,thinnedlaterWeedcontrolContainerizedplants（盆栽植物

6、）Hydroponicalgrowing（水耕）system:automaticallyadjustingspacing17Spacing&orientingplantsforlightinterceptionDouble,tripleorwiderowsutilizespacemoreefficientlyforbackyardgardeners(fig.7-19)LandscapeplantsmustbeproperlyspacedOthermethodsforfruittreesPruning（修剪）Dwarfrootstocks（

7、矮性砧木）Plantgrowthretardants（植物生长抑制剂）Manipulatingdifferencebetweennight&daytemp(DIF)18Orientation（方向）Often-debatedsubjectGreenhouseorientationEast-westabove40°NNorth-southbelow40°NGutter-connected（连栋）greenhouseNorth-southOpengardenThetallestplantstothenorth,andtheshortestto

8、thesouth19PruningplantsforlightinterceptionFruittreesThinning-outpruning（疏删修剪）(fig.5-8,5-9,5-10)