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1、Subject---VerbAgreement主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。⑴Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.⑵TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.⑶Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.⑷Thec
2、hildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.⑸Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.WhatIsayanddoarehelpfultoyou.2、并列结构做主语:⑴LucyandLilyaretwins.⑵SheandIareclassmates.⑶Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhenthey
3、heardthenews.⑷BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.(1)由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。注意:①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:Thewriterandartisthascome.②在no…andno…;each…andeach…;every…andevery…;做主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom.Noboyandnogirllikesit.③and连接的表示同一概念的常见短语如:a
4、horseandcart;aknifeandforkacupandsaucer;breadandbutter做主语谓语用单数主语后接with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,except,but,besides,like,ratherthan,等。谓语动词与这些词前的主语一致;Eg;Maryratherthanherfriendsisresponsiblefortheaccident.(2)、就前原则⑴MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.⑵NobodybutJimandMikewasont
5、heplayground.⑶She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.3、不定代词做主语;(1)either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,等不定代词,做主语谓语用单数。如:Eachofushasanewbook.Everythingaroundusismatter.注意:①在口语中当either/neitherof后跟“复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)inter
6、esting.Noneofthemoneyismine(2)all做主语指人时谓语动词用复数,指物时用单数。Allarepresent.Allisgoingonverywell.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。4、定语从句中的主谓一致Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfr
7、iendswhoisworkinghard.如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,audience,public,army,committee,等。5,集体名词作主语ClassFourisonthethirdfloor.ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitorMyfamilyi