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1、TheAttributiveClauseLearnthefollowingwordsandphrases:theattributiveclausetherestrictiveclausethenon-restrictiveclauserelativepronounsrelativeadverbs关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语
2、(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.當先行詞是those,she,he,they等代詞時,關係代詞用who.Thosewhowerelateforclassraiseyourhands.3.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)he
3、isusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that和which在指物的情况下一
4、般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every
5、,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用who,which。(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引导时Thereare200peo
6、plethatdidn’tknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時,关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是which时,关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意:介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Aplaneisamachinethatcan
7、fly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthat(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.whichØ(3)Heisthekindperson
8、.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwith.whowhomØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Øthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用which而不用that