定语从句高考复习.ppt

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1、2009高考英语复习定语从句考点课件修饰名词和代词的成分Keywords:定语:abeautifulfloweratallboybeautifultall定语从句：修饰名词和代词的从句ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.定语从句thebestfilm先行词that关系词ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.关系词引导定语从句代替先行词在从句中担当一个成分关系词的作用1）2）3）Beijingisthecitythat/whichhasgotthechancetohostthe2008Ol

2、ympicGames.Beijingthecitygetthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.Revision1theusageoftherelativepronoun关系代词先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose1.that在从句中作主语或宾语,指人和物。1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(主语)2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.(宾语)3)Let’saskthemanthatisrea

3、dingthebookoverthere.(主语)4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’sister.(宾语)2.which在从句中作主语或宾语,指物Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.(主语)2)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.(宾语)3.who、whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语(口语中who也可作宾语)TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.(主语)2)T

4、heboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.(主语)3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(宾语)4)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.(宾语)4.whose在从句中作定语,指人或物。MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.3)Thisisthebookwhos

5、ecoverisblue.关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。如:Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.NOTEtheusageoftherelativeadverb关系副词先行词所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereasonadverbialadverbialadverbial=介词+whichThereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijin

6、gistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that无thatRevision2限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略Herbrotherwhoisnowaso

7、ldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Revision2限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。Thebook(that/which)IboughtyesterdayisHarryPotterandtheOrderofPhoenix.Thebook,whichIboughtyester

8、day,isHarryPotterandtheOrderofPhoenix.有that，作宾语时可以省略无that,作宾语时不可以省略，我昨天买的那本书是《哈里.波特与凤凰令》1.指物时只用that或whi