英语词汇学串讲课件.ppt

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1、IV.WordMeaning4.1TheMeaningsof‘Meaning’:4.1.1Reference（所指）:Referenceistherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.Inotherwordson1ywhenaconnectionhasbeenestablishedbetweenthelinguisticsignandareferent,i.e.anobject,aphenomenon,aperson,etc.doesthesignbecomemeaningful.Thereferenceofawordtoathi

2、ngoutsidethelanguageisarbitraryandconventional.4.1.2.Concept概念:Meaningandconceptarecloselyconnectedbutnotidentical.Theyarebothrelateddirectlytoreferentsandarenotionsofthewordsbutbelongtodifferentcategories.Concept,whichisbeyondlanguage,istheresultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectivewo

3、rldinthehumanmind.4.1.3.Sense语义:Unlikereference,‘sense’denotestherelationshipsinsidethelanguage.‘Thesenseofanexpressionisitsplaceinasystemofsemanticrelationshipswithotherexpressionsinthelanguage’.Sincethesenseofanexpressionisnotathing,itisoftendifficulttosaywhatsortofidentityitis.Itisals

4、oanabstraction.Everywordthathasmeaninghassense（noteverywordhasreference).出题形式：选择，填空20033.Therelationshipbetweenthelinguisticsignandareferentis.(　　　)A．conventionalB．non-conventionalC．concreteD．specific答案：A13.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?（　　　）A．Everywordhasreference.B．Everywordhasse

5、nse.C．Everywordissemanticallymotivated.D．Everywordisconceptuallymotivated.答案：B15.Therelationshipbetweenwordsandthingsintheworldisestablishedbymeansof（　　　）.A．referenceB．senseC．conceptD．Meaning答案：A20026.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?A.Referenceistherelationshipbetweenlanguageandth

6、eworld.B.Therelationshipbetweenawordanditsreferentisarbitrary.C.Conceptisuniversaltoallmenalike.D.Sensedenotestherelationshipsoutsidethelanguage.答案：D4.2Motivation词义的理据Motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.Therelationshipbetweentheword-formandmeaningisc

7、onventionalandarbitrary,andmostwordscanbesaidtobenon-motivated.However,Englishdoeshavewordswhosemeaningscanbeexplainedtoacertainextent.4.2.1.OnomatopoeicMotivation拟声理据:InmodernEnglishonemayfindsomewordswhosesoundssuggesttheirmeanings,forthesewordswerecreatedbyimitatingthe