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1、黄冈师范学院2009—2010学年度第一学期期末试卷考试课程：专业英语考核类型：考试A卷考试形式：闭卷出卷教师：杨一思考试专业：化学考试班级：应用化学200601一、TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish（20points）1.过滤2.浓缩3.结晶化4.吸附5.蒸馏6．超临界的7.二氯甲烷8.热力学平衡9.亲电性10.表面张力11.共轭的12.酮13.平衡常数14.丙基15.丁基16.亚甲基17.NMR18.环己酮19.同位素20.标准熵二、Translatethefollowi
2、ngintoChinese（20points）1.methylpropanoate2.rateconstant3.ethylmethylketone4.freeenergy5.radicalintermediate6.isobutylmethylether7.3-chloropropene8.primaryradical9.n-propylbromideA卷【第1页共3页】10.bondenergy11.circulatingelectrons12.localmagneticfields13.tetram
3、ethylsilane14.masstochargeratios15phenylamine16amide17.amine18.nucleophile19.perchlorate20.carbocation三、Translationthefollowingintochinese（40points）1.Wecanseewhybenzeneisstable:accordingtoresonancetheory,themoreresonanceformsasubstancehas,themorestableiti
4、s.Benzene,withtworesonanceformsofequalenergy,isthereforemorestableandlessreactivethanatypicalalkene.2.Membranescanbedefinedessentiallyasbarrier,whichseparatestwophasesandrestrictstransportofvariouschemicalsinaselectivemanner.Amembranecanbehomogenousorhete
5、rogeneous,symmetricorasymmetricinstructure,solidorliquid,cancarryapositiveornegativechargeorbeneutralorbipolar.Transportthroughamembranecanbeeffectedbyconvectionorbydiffusionofindividualmolecules,inducedbyanelectricfieldorconcentration,pressureortemperatu
6、regradient.Themembranethicknessmayvaryfromassmallas100microntoseveralmms.3.Themostcommonindustrialadsorbentsareactivatedcarbon,silicagel,andalumina,becausetheypresentenormoussurfaceareasperunitweight.Asurfacealreadyheavilycontaminatedbyadsorbatesisnotlike
7、lytohavemuchcapacityforadditionalbinding,butfurtherheatingwilldriveoffthesecompoundstoproduceasurfacewithhighadsorptivecapacity.Temperatureeffectsonadsorptionareprofound,andmeasurementsareusuallyataconstanttemperature.Graphsofthedataarecalledisotherms.Mos
8、tstepsusingadsorbentshavelittlevariationintemperature.A卷【第2页共3页】4.Intheabsenceofperoxides,hydrogenbromideaddstopeopeneviatheMarkovnikovpathwaytoyieldisopropylbromide.Inthepresenceofperoxides,however,theorderofadditi
