应用化学 专业英语

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1、Lecture2&3GeneralKnowledgeofChemistryIndexChemistryGlossaryAtomsCompoundsElementsFormulasMoleculesPeriodicTableAcidsandBasesGasesIonsLiquidsSolidsMixturesPhysicalandChemicalChangesAnIntroductionChemistryisthescienceofmatter-whatmatterislike,whatmakesupmatter,whatchangesoccu

2、rinmatter,whatcausesthosechanges.Itiskeytoalltheothersciencesandapartofeveryaspectofourworld.ChemistryGlossaryWordDefinitionadhesiontheforceorattractionthatholdstwoseparateobjectstogether.alloyamixtureofmetalsanionanionwithanegativecharge.atomThesmallestparticleofanelement.

3、atomicmass/weightthetotalnumberofprotonsandneutronsinanatom.atomicnumberthenumberofprotonsinthenucleusofanatomaswellasthenumberofelectronsinaneutralatom.boilingpointtemperatureatwhichaliquidchangestoagas.brittlenessthepropertyofmatterthatishoweasilythesubstancebreaksorshatt

4、erswhenforceisappliedtoit.catalystasubstancethathelpsalongachemicalreactionorchangewithoutbeingchangeditself.cationanionwithapositivecharge.chemicalbondstheprocessbywhichatomscombinetoformmolecules.chemistryThescienceofmatterandthechangesinmatter.cohesiontheattractionthatho

5、ldstogetherthemoleculeswithinonesubstance.colloidamixtureinwhichthesubstanceissplitintotinyparticlesandspreadwithinasecondsubstance.Examplesincludesmokeandfog.compoundasubstancemadeupoftwoormoreelementsthatarecombinedchemically.concentrationtheamountofasolventcomparedtothes

6、oluteinasolution.contracttobecomesmaller,closertogetherdensitythicknessofasubstancediffusionwhenasubstancespreadsoutwithinanothersubstanceaswhenasolutespreadsoutwithinasolventinasolution,sometimesunevenly.dissociationseparationofasubstanceintoatomsorions.ductilitypropertyof

7、ametalinwhichitcanbestretchedwithoutbreaking.elasticitytheabilityofasubstancetobestretchedandthentoreturntoitsoriginalshape.electricityaformofenergycomingfromcharges.electronaparticleoftheatomthathasanegativecharge.Theelectronisnotapartofthenucleus,butmovesaroundinanorbitar

8、oundthenucleus.elementasubstancemadeofonekindofatomthatcannotbebrokendownchemicall