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1、动物在汉英文化中的喻义及其翻译1.Introduction1.1CloserelationshipbetweenanimalsandhumanbeingsHumanbeingsandanimalsareboththeproductsofnaturalevolution,andfactuallymanhadevolvedfromanimals.Butsincehumanbeingscreatedlanguage,therehaveexistedsomegreatdifferencesbetweenmanandanimals.Language,theresultof
2、humanlaborandsocialactivities,ishumanspecific,whichisthemajorfactorthatdistinguisheshumanbeingsfromanimals.Inthelongprogressofhumansociety,animals,whichprovidefoodandlaborforceforhuman,havebeencloselyboundupwithhumanexistenceanddevelopment.Theirfurswerealsogooddressmaterialsforancien
3、thumantokeepoutwindandcold.Inacertainstageofprimitivesociety,manonceconsideredanimalsasGodstoworship.Sofaranimalsarestillclosefriendsofhumanbeings.Nowthatanimalsplayanimportantroleinhumanlives,theanimalwordsinhumanlanguageswillbearthedeepsocio-culturalimprintsinthecourseofbeingusedlo
4、ngbythehumanbeings.1.2InfluenceofanimalwordsinbothChineseandEnglishcultureLanguageisthecarrierandcontainerofculturalinformation.Humanbeingshavebeeninteractingwiththeworldandaccumulatedtheirexperienceandknowledgeabouttheworld,whicharerepresentedinlanguage.Asaresult,wecanfindinlanguage
5、allhumanknowledgeandexperiencewhichareinterpretedasculturalinformation.[1]Soinhumanlanguagethereexistaplentyofanimalwordsthatareoftenusedaskindsofassociationvehicles.Humanbeingsoftenassociatetheirfeelingsandemotionswithvariousanimalsaccordingtoanimals’featuressuchastheirappearances,h
6、abitsandcharacteristicssothatthenamesorimagesofanimalspossessspecificculturalconnotations.Cultureisthesoiloflanguage.SirEdwardTylor,aBritishanthropologist,wasoneofthosewhofirstdefinedculture,inPrimitiveCulture(1871).Hisdefinitionwasthat“Cultureiscomplexwhole,whichincludesknowledge,be
7、lief,art,law,morals,customsandanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.”Tylor’sdefinitionhascontinuallybeenthebasisofmostanthropologicalconceptionofculture.[2]Cultureisalsoahistoricalphenomenon.Eachgenerationinheritsthecultureestablishedbyitsforefathersandmakesits
8、owncontribut