实用英语写作4(修辞1).ppt

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1、FiguresofspeechFigurativeLanguagemetaphorAlliterationpersonificationsimileassonanceonomatopoeiaWordsareeitherliteralorfigurativeLiteral原意Wordsusedintheiroriginalmeaningsareusedliterally.Figurative比喻义Wordsusedinextendedmeaningsforthepurposeofmakingcompar

2、isonsorcallinguppicturesinthereader’sorlistener’smindareusedfiguratively.colourfulIn“acolourfulgarden”thewordcolourfulisusedinitsliteralsensetodescribethemanydifferentcoloursoftheflowersin“acolourfullife”or“acolourfulcareer”thewordisusedinitsfiguratives

3、ensebecauseneitherlifeorcareerhasanycolour.ThemostcommonfiguresofspeechSimile直喻Metaphor暗喻What’sthedifference?Literal“Heranquicklydownthestreet.”Simile“Heranlikeaharedownthestreet.”Metaphor“Hehared（如野兔般疾走奔跑）downthestreet.”simileSimileisafigureofspeechinw

4、hichtwoquitedifferentthingsarecomparedastheyseemsimilarinaway.Thiskindofcomparisonisnormallyintroducedby“like”or“as”.Simile:awayofdescribingsomethingbycomparingitwithsomethingelseusing"like"or"as"Iamhungryasahorse.Yourunlikearabbit.Heissneakyasasnake.Sh

5、eishappyasaclam.ExampleofsimileThemysteriousobject...hasafacethat'sasroundasthemoonhashandslikegoldenarrowsisastallasatowerblockhasavoicelikeagong（锣）andisasfamousasanypopstar.BigBenExampleofsimileTimeflieslikeanarrowFruitflieslikeabanana（果蝇爱香蕉）metaphorA

6、figureofspeechwhichconsistsinsubstitutingforthenameofathingthenameofanattribute（属性）ofitorofsomethingcloselyrelated.Animpliedcomparisonbetweentwoobjectsthataregenerallydifferentbutsharearecognizablesimilaritywithouttheuseof“like”or“as”.Metaphor:Awayofdes

7、cribingsomethingbycomparingittosomethingelseThegirlwasafishinthewater.Theclownwasafeatherfloatingaway.Plato“…thegreatestthingbyfaristobeamasterofmetaphor.Itistheonethingthatcannotbelearntfromothers,anditisalsoasignofgenius,sinceagoodmetaphorimpliesanint

8、uitiveperception（直觉）ofthesimilarityindissimilars.”ExampleofmetaphorLifeisayo-yo（哟哟球）.It'saseriesofupsanddowns.MixedmetaphorsOnedangerinusingmetaphorsisthepossibilityofbeginningwithonecomparisonandendingwithanotherThisiscalledamix