现代语言学自考本科.ppt

现代语言学自考本科.ppt

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时间:2020-06-14

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1、ModernLinguistics作者:睿智婉心TableofContentChapter1IntroductionChapter6PragmaticsChapter2PhonologyChapter7HistoricalLinguisticsChapter3MorphologyChapter8SociolinguisticsChapter4syntaxChapter9PsycholinguisticsChapter5SemanticsChapter10LanguageAcquisitionChapter1Chapter1——1Whatislinguistics?Linguistics

2、isgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.Itstudiesnotanyparticularlanguage,butlanguagesingeneral.Chapter1——1ThescopeoflinguisticsThestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledgenerallinguistics.普通语言学Thestudyofsounds,whichareusedinlinguisticcommunication,iscalledphonetics.语音学Thestudyofhowsoundsa

3、reputtogetherandusedincommunicationiscalledphonology.音系学Thestudyofthewayinwhichmorphemesarearrangedtoformwordsarecalledmorphology.形态学Thestudyofhowmorphemesandwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesiscalledsyntax.句法学Thestudyofmeaninginlanguageiscalledsemantics.语义学Thestudyofmeaningincontextofuseiscalledpr

4、agmatics.语用学Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetosocietyiscalledsocio-linguistics.社会语言学Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingofmindiscalledpsycho-linguistics.语言心理学Thestudyofapplications(astherecoveryofspeechability)isgenerallyknownasappliedlinguistics.(应用语言学)Butinanarrowsense,appliedlinguistics

5、referstotheapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning,especiallytheteachingofforeignandsecondlanguage.Otherrelatedbranchesincludeanthropologicallinguistics,(人类语言学)neurologicallinguistics,(神经语言学)mathematicallinguistics,(数字语言学)andcomputationallinguistics.(计算机语言学)Chap

6、ter1——1SomeimportantdistinctionsinlinguisticsPrescriptiveanddescriptiveIfalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobedescriptive,ifitaimstolaydownrulestotellpeoplewhattheyshouldsayandwhattheyshouldnotsay,itissaidtobeprescriptive.Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtradit

7、ionalgrammar.Traditionalgrammarisprescriptivewhilemodernlinguisticsisdescriptive.Thetaskoflinguistsissupposedtodescribethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,whetheritis“correct”ornot.Chapter1——1SomeimportantdistinctionsinlinguisticsS

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