生物医学工程biomedical engineering.doc

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1、ALittlePaperaboutScienceandTechnology:CaseStudyofBrain–computerInterfaceAbstract:Brain-computerinterfacesprovideadirectcommunicationandcontrolchannelforsendingmessagesandinstructionsfrombraintoexternalcomputersorotherelectronicdevices.Usingthenon-muscularchannel,subjectswi

2、thsevereneuromusculardysfunctioncandirectlyexpresstheirthoughtandmanipulatetheexternaldeviceswithoutusinghumanlanguageandactions.Thiswillgreatlyenhancetheabilityofthesesubjectstomanageexternaleventandwillimprovetheirlivingquality.Brain-computerinterfacetechnologyisaninterd

3、isciplinarytechnologyintegratingneurology,signalcollection,signalprocessing,patternrecognitionandmoreotherrelevanttechniques.Inthepresentpaper,wereviewthedevelopment,therationaleandthemethodologyofBCI’stechnologyandthemajorlimitationsintheBCI’simplementationandapplications

4、,andthendiscusssomevitalaspectsthatmaybeconductedinthefutureinvestigations.Keywords:brain-computerinterface;electroencephalogram;event2relatedpotentials;featureextraction;communication1.IntroductionTheultimatepurposeofadirectbrain-computerinterface(BCI)istoallowanindividua

5、lwithseveremotordisabilitiestohaveeffectivecontroloverdevicessuchascomputers,speechSynthesizers,assistiveappliancesandneuralprostheses.Suchaninterfacewouldincreaseanindividual’sindependence,leadingtoanimprovedqualityoflifeandreducedsocialcosts.ABCIsystemdetectsthepresenceo

6、fspecificpatternsinaperson’songoingbrainactivitythatrelatestotheperson’sintentiontoinitiatecontrol.TheBCIsystemtranslatesthesepatternsintomeaningfulcontrolcommands[1].Todetectthesepatterns,varioussignalprocessingalgorithmsareemployed.Signalprocessingformsanimportantpartofa

7、BCIdesign,sinceitisneededinextractingthemeaningfulinformationfromthebrainsignal.2.GeneralstructureofaBCIsystemAtypicalBrainComputerinterfaceisshownintheFig.1．Itconsistsofelectrodesappliedtothescalpofthesubjectthatpickupthebrain’sactivityandforwardittoanamplifierasthesesign

8、alsareatmicrolevel．Theamplifieramplifythesignalaroundtenthousandandthenpassviaanalogtoadi