语言学课件第十章语言习得.ppt

《语言学课件第十章语言习得.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。

1、Chapter10LANGUAGEACQUISITIONdefinitionlanguageacquisition----referstothechild’sacquisitionofhismothertongue,i.e.howthechildcomestounderstandandspeakthelanguageofhiscommunity..differencesbetweenthetermofacquisitionandlearningThetermacquisition:thegraduald

2、evelopmentofabilityinalanguagebyusingitnaturallyincommunicativesituations.Thetermlearning:appliestoaconsciousprocessofaccumulatingknowledgeofthevocabularyandgrammarofalanguage,particularlythroughformalinstruction.differencesbetweenthetermofacquisitionand

3、learning语言习得：通常指在自然的语言环境中，通过旨在沟通意义的言语交际活动，不自觉地，自然地掌握或获得第一语言。典型的例子是儿童习得第一语言。语言学习：通常指在学校环境下，有专门的教师指导，严格按照教学大纲和课本，通过讲解，练习，记忆等活动，有计划，有系统，有意识地对语言规则的掌握。典型的例子是成人在学校学习第二语言。example:thesubject"Mathematics"islearned,notacquired.wecannotseparatelanguagelearningfroma

4、cquisitioncompletely.Forthesecondlanguagelearners,learningplaysanimportantroleatthebeginning,thentheportionofacquisitionbeginstoincreasegraduallyinthelearningprocess.3differenttheoriesconcerningchildlanguageacquisitionthebehavioristview行为主义理论theinnatistv

5、iew语法积极天生主义理论theinteractionistview互动主义理论thefocusoftheirdebateiswhethertheinnateabilityorthelanguageenvironmentplaysacrucialroleintheprocessofachild'slanguageacquisition.ThreemaindifferenttheoriesconcerninghowlanguageislearnedBehavioristviewInnatistviewIn

6、teractionistviewthebehaviorist（行为主义论）proposedbyB.F.Skinners(斯金纳)Traditionalbehavioristsviewlanguageasbehaviorandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofimitationandhabitformation.ImitationRecognitionReinforcementtheoryofthebehavioristchildren'slang

7、uageabilitycomesfromaseriesofstimulation.theygiveanreactionthroughimmitation,ifthechildrepeatstherightsoundorpatterns,itwillbereinforced.thestimulationandcorrespondingreactionhasbeenrepeatedmanytimes,itwillbecomeahabitandlanguageislearnt.examplesaboutimi

8、tationcase1:Supposeababyishungry,shebabbles.Allthetimethebabyisobservingandimitatingthespeechsound[milk].ifshefailstoproducetherightsound[milk],shegetsrewarded(shedoesnotgetthemilkshewants);ifsheimitatesthecorrectsoundandg