《战略管理》期末复习资料.doc

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1、《战略管理》期末复习资料——英文版,大题目1.战略管理在现代企业中为什么变得很重要？Researchindicatesthatorganizationsthatengageinstrategicmanagementgenerallyoutperformthosethatdonot.Theattainmentofanappropriatematchorfitbetweenanorganization'senvironmentanditsstrategy,structure,andprocesseshaspositiveeffectsontheorgani

2、zation'sperformance.Afirmcannotaffordtofollowintuitivestrategiesonceitbecomeslarge,haslayersofmanagement,oritsenvironmentchangessubstantially.Astheworld'senvironmentbecomesincreasinglycomplexandchanging,strategicmanagementisusedbytoday'scorporationsasonewaytomaketheenvironmentmo

3、remanageable.2.企业能否同时采用成本领先战略和差异化战略，为什么？MichaelPorterarguesthatabusinessunitwhichisunabletoachieveoneofthecompetitivestrategiesislikelytobe"stuckinthemiddle"ofthecompetitivemarketplacewithnocompetitiveadvantage.Thatunit,accordingtoPorter,isdoomedtobelow-averageperformance.Resear

4、chbyGregDessandPeterDavisaswellasbyRodWhite,suggestshowever,thatthismaynotbethecase.Examplescanbefoundofbusinesseswhichhavebeenabletojointlyfollowoveralllowcostandhighqualitydifferentiationstrategies.JapanesecompaniessuchasToyotainautomobilesandMatsushitainconsumerelectronicsare

5、goodexamples.TheirofferoflowpriceandhighqualitycreatedseriousproblemsforthosecompaniesfollowingonlyonecompetitivestrategyintheU.S.3.在全球环境下，资源基础观对战略管理有什么关联性？Theresource-basedviewofthefirmisanattempttobringattentiontotheimportanceofacorporation'sresourcesinstrategicmanagement.Asno

6、tedinthetext,expertsontheresource-basedviewsuggestthatdifferencesinperformanceamongcompaniesmaybeexplainedbest,notthroughdifferencesinindustrystructureidentifiedbyindustryanalysis,butthroughdifferencesincorporateassetsandresourcesandtheirapplication.Theresource-basedviewofthefir

7、miscompatiblewiththetraditionalconceptsofS.W.O.T.anddistinctivecompetencepopularinthefieldsincethe1960s.Theonlydangerwiththeresource-basedapproachisthatpeoplemaygooverboardagainandtendtoputtoomuchemphasisoninternalfactorsandnotenoughonexternalfactors.Nevertheless,theideathatthed

8、urabilityandimitabilityofcorporateresourcesdete