英语语言学试题B卷.doc

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1、英语语言学试题B卷I.Definethefollowinglinguisticterms:(2%×10=20%)1)government:Itisatypeofcontrolovertheformofsomewordsbyotherwordsincertainsyntacticconstructions.　2)exocentricconstruction(离心结构):Itisanconstructionwhosedistributionisnotfunctionallyequivalenttoanyofitsconstituents.　3)comple

2、mentaryantonym(互补反义关系):Itisaformofantonymthattheassertionofonemeansthedenialoftheother,orviceversa.　4)perlocutionaryforce(取效行为):Itisanactwhichisperformedbymeansofalocutionaryact.　5)appliedlinguistics:Itisadisciplinethatlinksthetheoriesoflinguisticswiththepracticeofforeignlanguag

3、eteaching.　6)allophone(音位变体):Variantsofaphonemearecalleditsallophones.　7)boundmorpheme(粘着语素):Themorphemesthatdonotoccuralone.　8)interlanguage(中介语):Itisformedwhenthelearnerattemptstolearnanewlanguage,andithasfeaturesofboththefirstlanguageandthesecondlanguagebutisneither.　9)arbitr

4、ariness(任意性):Theformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning.10) assimilation:Aprocessbywhichonesoundtakesonsomeorallthecharacteristicsofaneighboringsound.II.Translation(0.5%×20=10%)　TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(0.5%×10=5%)　1)lateral  边音 　2)linguisticd

5、eterminism 语言决定论       3)anthropologicallinguistics 人类语言学    4)locutionaryact发话行为　　5)transformation  转换   　   6)co-hyponym同下义词 　　7)contextofsituation情景语境　8)allomorph语素变体　　   9)theme主位　　10)primarystress主重音　TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish:(0.5%×10=5%)　11)语篇功能textualfunction 

6、           12)意义潜势meaningpotential                  13)直接成分分析法immediatecomponentanalysis14)最大节首辅音原则maximalonsetprinciple15)聚合关系paradigmaticrelation  16)音位规则phonologicalstructure           17)前缀prefix 18)语境context   　　19)皮钦语/洋泾浜语pidgin         　20)历时语言学historicallinguisticsIII.Re

7、adeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputthecorrespondingletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(1%×20=20%)1)Thestudyoflanguageatonepointoftimeisa_______study.　A.synchronic(共时)                                         B.historic　C.

8、diachronic(历时)  D.descriptive2)Synonymsareclass