2015 年英语专业四级阅读理解passage 1(翻译).doc

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1、2015年专业四级英语真题（翻译）Passage1（翻译）Inundatedbymoreinformationthanwecanpossiblyholdinourheads,we'reincreasinglyhandingoffthejobofrememberingtosearchenginesandsmartphones.Googleisevenreportedlyworkingoneyeglassesthatcouldonedayrecognizefacesandsupplydetailsaboutwhoeveryou'relookingat.Butnewresearchshowsth

2、atoutsourcingourmemory—andexpectingthatinformationwillbecontinuallyandinstantaneouslyavailable—ischangingourcognitivehabits.ResearchconductedbyBetsySparrow,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatColumbiaUniversity，hasidentifiedthreenewrealitiesabouthowweprocessinformationintheInternetage.First,herexper

3、imentsshowedthatwhenwedon'tknowtheanswertoaquestion,wenowthinkaboutwherewecanfindthenearestWebconnectioninsteadofthesubjectofthequestionitself.Asecondrevelationisthatwhenweexpecttobeabletofindinformationagainlateron,wedon'trememberitaswellaswhenwethinkitmightbecomeunavailable.Andthenthereistherese

4、archers'finalobservation:theexpectationthatwe'llbeabletolocateinformationdownthelineleadsustoformamemorynotofthefactitselfbutofwherewe'llbeabletofindit.Butthishandoffcomeswithadownside.Skillslikecriticalthinkingandanalysismustdevelopinthecontextoffacts:weneedsomethingtothinkandreasonabout,afterall

5、.Andthesefactscan'tbeGoogledaswego;theyneedtobestoredintheoriginalharddrive,ourlong-termmemory.Especiallyinthecaseofchildren,“factualknowledgemustprecedeskill”，saysDanielWillingham,aprofessorofpsychology，attheUniversityofVirginia—meaningthatthedaysofdrillingthemultiplicationtableandmemorizingthena

6、mesofthePresidentsaren'toverquiteyetAdults,too,needtorecruitasupplyofstoredknowledgeinordertosituateandevaluatenewinformationtheyencounter.Youcan'tGooglecontext.Last,there'sthepossibility,increasinglyterrifyingtocontemplate,thatourmachinesfailus.AsSparrowputsit,"TheexperienceoflosingourInternetcon

7、nectionbecomesmoreandmorelikelosingafriend."Ifyou'regoingtokeepyourmemoryonyoursmartphone,bettermakesureit'sfullycharged.我们头脑中充斥着太多的信息，我们越来越多地把记忆的工作交给搜索引擎和智能手机。据报道，谷歌甚至还在研制一种眼镜，这种眼镜有朝一日可以识别人脸，并提供你所看到的人的详细信息。但新的研究