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1、JGHardt，DWSheaDriveaxle/differentialAllvehicleshavesometypeofdriveaxle/differentialassemblyincorporatedintothedriveline.Whetheritisfront,rearorfourwheeldrive,differentialsarenecessaryforthesmoothapplicationofenginepowertotheroad.PowerflowThedriveaxlemusttransmi
2、tpowerthrougha90°angle.Theflowofpowerinconventionalfrontengine/rearwheeldrivevehiclesmovesfromtheenginetothedriveaxleinapproximatelyastraightline.However,atthedriveaxle,thepowermustbeturnedatrightangles(fromthelineofthedriveshaft)anddirectedtothedrivewheels.Thi
3、sisaccomplishedbyapiniondrivegear,whichturnsacircularringgear.Theringgearisattachedtoadifferentialhousing,containingasetofsmallergearsthataresplinedtotheinnerendofeachaxleshaft.Asthehousingisrotated,theinternaldifferentialgearsturntheaxleshafts,whicharealsoatta
4、chedtothedrivewheels.11Fig1DriveaxleRear-wheeldriveRear-wheel-drivevehiclesaremostlytrucks,verylargesedansandmanysportscarandcoupemodels.Thetypicalrearwheeldrivevehicleusesafrontmountedengineandtransmissionassemblieswithadriveshaftcouplingthetransmissiontothere
5、ardriveaxle.Driveinthroughthelayoutofthebridge,thebridgedriveshaftarrangedverticallyinthesameverticalplane,andnotthedriveaxleshaft,respectively,intheirownsub-actuatorwithadirectconnection,buttheactuatorislocatedatthefrontorthebackoftheadjacentshaftofthetwobridg
6、esisarrangedinseries.Vehiclebeforeandafterthetwoendsofthedrivingforceofthedriveaxle,isthesub-actuatorandthetransmissionthroughthemiddleofthebridge.Theadvantageisnotonlyareductionofthenumberofdriveshaft,andraisethedrivingaxleofthecommonpartsofeachother,andtosimp
7、lifythestructure,reducesthevolumeandquality.11Fig2Rear-wheel-driveaxleSomevehiclesdonotfollowthistypicalexample.SuchastheolderPorscheorVolkswagenvehicleswhichwererearengine,reardrive.Thesevehiclesusearearmountedtransaxlewithhalfshaftsconnectedtothedrivewheels.A
8、lso,somevehicleswereproducedwithafrontengine,reartransaxlesetupwithadriveshaftconnectingtheenginetothetransaxle,andhalfshaftslinkingthetransaxletothedrivewheels.Differential
