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1、外文资料翻译Everydayasignificantpercentageofdriversinsingle-occupancyvehiclessearchforaparkingspace.Additionally,lessexperienceddriversorout-of-townersfurthercontributetotheincreaseoftrafficcongestion.Searchforavacantparkingspaceisatypicalexampleofasearchprocess.Everyp
2、arkingsearchstrategyiscomposedofasetofvaguerules.Itisusuallydifficulttodescribetheserulesexplicitly.Thetypeoftheplannedactivity,timeofaday,dayoftheweek,currentcongestiononparticularroutes,knowledgeofcitystreets,andpotentiallyavailableparkingplaceshavesignificanti
3、nfluenceonachosenparkingsearchstrategy.Ontheotherhand,thedriversusuallydiscoverdiffierentparkingalternativesonebyoneinatemporalsequence.Clearly,thistemporalsequencehasaverystronginfluenceonthedriver'sfinaldecisionabouttheparkingplace[19].Duringthepasttwodecades,tra
4、fficauthoritiesinmanycities(Helsinki,Cologne,Mainz,Stuttgart,Wiesbaden,Aalborg,Hague)havestartedtoinformandguidedriverstoparkingfacilitieswithreal-timevar-iablemessagesigns[directionalarrows,namesoftheparkingfacilities,status(full,notfull,numberofavailableparkin
5、gspaces,etc.)].Informationaboutthenumberofavailableparkingspacescouldbedisplayedonthemajorroads,streetsandintersections,oritcouldbedistributedthroughtheInternet.Itislogicaltoaskthequestionaboutthebenefitsoftheparkingguidancesystems.Currentpracticeshowsthatparking
6、guidancesystemsusuallydonotchangetheoccupancyrateoraverageparkingduration.Driverseasilybecomefamiliarwiththeparkingguidancesystems,andmajorityofthemuse,thrustandappreciatethehelpofthesystems[20].Guidancesystemssignificantlyincreasethe10probabilityoffindingvacantp
7、arkingspace,mitigatefrustrationofthedrivers–visitorsunfamiliarwiththecitycenter,decreasethequeuesinfrontofparkinggarages,decreasethetotalamountofvehicle-milestraveled(particularlyinthecitycenters),decreasetheaveragetriptime,energyconsumption,andairpollution.Park
8、ingguidancesystemisapartofcomprehensiveparkingpolicyandtrafficmanagementsystem,whoseotherelementsarestreetparkingcontrol(includingsanctionsfortheillegallyparkedvehicl
