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1、外文资料翻译Everydayasignificantpercentageofdriversinsingle-occupancyvehiclessearchforaparkingspace.Additionally,lessexperienceddriversorout-of-townersfurthercontributetotheincreaseoftrafficcongestion.Searchforavacantparkingspaceisatypicalexampleofasearchprocess.Everyparking
2、searchstrategyiscomposedofasetofvaguerules.Itisusuallydifficulttodescribetheserulesexplicitly.Thetypeoftheplannedactivity,timeofaday,dayoftheweek,currentcongestiononparticularroutes,knowledgeofcitystreets,andpotentiallyavailableparkingplaceshavesignificantinfluenceonach
3、osenparkingsearchstrategy.Ontheotherhand,thedriversusuallydiscoverdiffierentparkingalternativesonebyoneinatemporalsequence.Clearly,thistemporalsequencehasaverystronginfluenceonthedriver'sfinaldecisionabouttheparkingplace[19].Duringthepasttwodecades,trafficauthoritiesinm
4、anycities(Helsinki,Cologne,Mainz,Stuttgart,Wiesbaden,Aalborg,Hague)havestartedtoinformandguidedriverstoparkingfacilitieswithreal-timevar-iablemessagesigns[directionalarrows,namesoftheparkingfacilities,status(full,notfull,numberofavailableparkingspaces,etc.)].Informati
5、onaboutthenumberofavailableparkingspacescouldbedisplayedonthemajorroads,streetsandintersections,oritcouldbedistributedthroughtheInternet.Itislogicaltoaskthequestionaboutthebenefitsoftheparkingguidancesystems.Currentpracticeshowsthatparkingguidancesystemsusuallydonotcha
6、ngetheoccupancyrateoraverageparkingduration.Driverseasilybecomefamiliarwiththeparkingguidancesystems,andmajorityofthemuse,thrustandappreciatethehelpofthesystems[20].Guidancesystemssignificantlyincreasetheprobabilityoffindingvacantparkingspace,mitigatefrustrationofthedr
7、ivers–visitorsunfamiliarwiththecitycenter,decreasethequeuesinfrontofparkinggarages,decreasethetotalamountofvehicle-milestraveled(particularlyinthecitycenters),decreasetheaveragetriptime,energyconsumption,andairpollution.Parkingguidancesystemisapartofcomprehensiveparki
8、ngpolicyandtrafficmanagementsystem,whoseotherelementsarestreetparkingcontrol(includingsanctionsfortheillegallyparkedvehicles
