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1、外文资料翻译Everydayasignificantpercentageofdriversinsingle-occupancyvehiclessearchforaparkingspace.Additionally,lessexperienceddriversorout-of-townersfurthercontributetotheincreaseoftrafficcongestion.Searchforavacantparkingspaceisatypicalexampleofasearchprocess.Everyparkingsearchstrategyiscomposedof
2、asetofvaguerules.Itisusuallydifficulttodescribetheserulesexplicitly.Thetypeoftheplannedactivity,timeofaday,dayoftheweek,currentcongestiononparticularroutes,knowledgeofcitystreets,andpotentiallyavailableparkingplaceshavesignificantinfluenceonachosenparkingsearchstrategy.Ontheotherhand,thedriversu
3、suallydiscoverdiffierentparkingalternativesonebyoneinatemporalsequence.Clearly,thistemporalsequencehasaverystronginfluenceonthedriver'sfinaldecisionabouttheparkingplace[19].Duringthepasttwodecades,trafficauthoritiesinmanycities(Helsinki,Cologne,Mainz,Stuttgart,Wiesbaden,Aalborg,Hague)havestarted
4、toinformandguidedriverstoparkingfacilitieswithreal-timevar-iablemessagesigns[directionalarrows,namesoftheparkingfacilities,status(full,notfull,numberofavailableparkingspaces,etc.)].Informationaboutthenumberofavailableparkingspacescouldbedisplayedonthemajorroads,streetsandintersections,oritcoul
5、dbedistributedthroughtheInternet.Itislogicaltoaskthequestionaboutthebenefitsoftheparkingguidancesystems.Currentpracticeshowsthatparkingguidancesystemsusuallydonotchangetheoccupancyrateoraverageparkingduration.Driverseasilybecomefamiliarwiththeparkingguidancesystems,andmajorityofthemuse,thrustan
6、dappreciatethehelpofthesystems[20].Guidancesystemssignificantlyincreasetheprobabilityoffindingvacantparkingspace,mitigatefrustrationofthedrivers–visitorsunfamiliarwiththecitycenter,decreasethequeuesinfrontofparkinggarages,decreasethetotalamountofvehicle-milestraveled(particularlyinthecitycenter
7、s),decreasetheaveragetriptime,energyconsumption,andairpollution.Parkingguidancesystemisapartofcomprehensiveparkingpolicyandtrafficmanagementsystem,whoseotherelementsarestreetparkingcontrol(includingsanctionsfortheillegallyparkedvehicles
