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1、外文资料翻译Everydayasignificantpercentageofdriversinsingle-occupancyvehiclessearchforaparkingspace.Additionally,lessexperienceddriversorout-of-townersfurthercontributetotheincreaseoftrafficcongestion.Searchforavacantparkingspaceisatypicalexampleofasearchprocess.Everyparkingsearchstra
2、tegyiscomposedofasetofvaguerules.Itisusuallydifficulttodescribetheserulesexplicitly.Thetypeoftheplannedactivity,timeofaday,dayoftheweek,currentcongestiononparticularroutes,knowledgeofcitystreets,andpotentiallyavailableparkingplaceshavesignificantinfluenceonachosenparkingsearchstr
3、ategy.Ontheotherhand,thedriversusuallydiscoverdiffierentparkingalternativesonebyoneinatemporalsequence.Clearly,thistemporalsequencehasaverystronginfluenceonthedriver'sfinaldecisionabouttheparkingplace[19].Duringthepasttwodecades,trafficauthoritiesinmanycities(Helsinki,Cologne,Mai
4、nz,Stuttgart,Wiesbaden,Aalborg,Hague)havestartedtoinformandguidedriverstoparkingfacilitieswithreal-timevar-iablemessagesigns[directionalarrows,namesoftheparkingfacilities,status(full,notfull,numberofavailableparkingspaces,etc.)].Informationaboutthenumberofavailableparkingspaces
5、couldbedisplayedonthemajorroads,streetsandintersections,oritcouldbedistributedthroughtheInternet.Itislogicaltoaskthequestionaboutthebenefitsoftheparkingguidancesystems.Currentpracticeshowsthatparkingguidancesystemsusuallydonotchangetheoccupancyrateoraverageparkingduration.Driver
6、seasilybecomefamiliarwiththeparkingguidancesystems,andmajorityofthemuse,thrustandappreciatethehelpofthesystems[20].Guidancesystemssignificantlyincreasetheprobabilityoffindingvacantparkingspace,mitigatefrustrationofthedrivers–visitorsunfamiliarwiththecitycenter,decreasethequeuesi
7、nfrontofparkinggarages,decreasethetotalamountofvehicle-milestraveled(particularlyinthecitycenters),decreasetheaveragetriptime,energyconsumption,andairpollution.Parkingguidancesystemisapartofcomprehensiveparkingpolicyandtrafficmanagementsystem,whoseotherelementsarestreetparkingc
8、ontrol(includingsanctionsfortheillegallyparkedvehicles
