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1、Romanticism:1.Itsnamecamefrom“Romance”,themedievaladventurouslegendswritteninRomancelanguages－thelanguagesderivedfromLatin,e.g.French,Italian,Spanish,etc.,suchlegendsweremainlyaboutfancystoriesofknightsandbeautifulladieswithintricateplots.2.Asaliterarytrendormovement,romanti
2、cismoccurredanddevelopedinEuropeandAmericaattheturnofthe18thandthe19thcenturiesunderthebackgroundoftheIndustrialRevolutionaround1760andtheFrenchRevolution.RomanticismmarkedthereactionagainstNeoclassicism.Itwascharacterizedbyrelianceontheimaginationandsubjectivityofapproach,f
3、reedomofthoughtandexpression,andanidealizationofnature.3.CharacteristicsofRomanticism1)Romanticismwasarebellionagainsttheobjectivityofrationalism. 2)Romanticsstressedthecloserelationshipbetweenmanandnature.Withdeeplovefornature,theysawnatureasarevelationoftruth,thelivinggarm
4、entofGod. 3)Theysanghighpraiseofimagination.3.CharacteristicsofRomanticism4)Romanticsemphasizedindividualism,placingtheindividualagainstthegroup,againstauthority.5)Theyaffirmedtheinnerlifeoftheself.Theydelightedinself-analysis,intricateexaminationandfullexposureofthesoul.6)T
5、heycherishedstronginterestinthepast. Theywereattractedbythewild,theremote,themysteriousandthestrange.EdgarAllanPoe (1809-1849)fatherofmodernshortstoryfatherofdetectivestoryfatherofpsychoanalyticcriticism1)WorksTalesoftheGrotesqueandtheArabesque“MS.FoundinaBottle”C)“TheMurder
6、sintheRueMorgue”《奇异怪诞故事集》《瓶子里发现的手稿》《毛格街杀人案》“TheFalloftheHouseofUsher”“TheMasqueoftheRedDeath”“TheCaskofAmontillado”《厄舍古屋的倒塌》《红色死亡的化妆舞会》《一桶酒的故事》TheRavenIsrafelAnnabelLeeToHelen《乌鸦》《伊斯拉菲尔》《安娜贝尔•李》《致海伦》ThePoeticPrincipleThePhilosophyofComposition《诗歌原理》《创作哲学》2)EvaluationonPoePoe
7、remainedthemostcontroversialandmostmisunderstoodliteraryfigureinthehistoryofAmericanliterature.Emersondismissedhiminthreewords“thejingleman”，MarkTwaindeclaredhisprosetobeunreadable.AndWhitmanwastheonlyfamousliteraryfigurepresentatthePoeMemorialCeremonyin1875.Ironically,itwas
8、inEuropethatPoeenjoyedrespectandwelcome.BernardShawsaid:“Poewas‘thegreatest
