资源描述:
《托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-1-北美本科精英计划托福基础阅读毛至博13401106492maozhibo@xdf.cn1托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-2-目录一.基本词法以介绍二.基本句型介绍三.非句子修饰成分介绍四.三大从句介绍五.其他语法以及修饰成分介绍六.复合句分析七.阅读文段讲解2托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-3-一.基本句法概念介绍1.1主语:1.1.1名词e.g.1.1.2.动名词e.g.1.1.3.不定式e.g.1.1.4.句子e.g.1.2谓语:1.2.1.及物动词e.g.1.2.2.不及物动词e.g.1.2.3.系动词e.g.1
2、.2.4.情态动词e.g.1.2.5.助动词e.g.1.3宾语/表语:3托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-4-1.3.1.名词e.g.1.3.2形容词e.g.1.3.3.不定式e.g.1.3.4.动名词e.g.1.3.5.句子e.g.1.4定语:1.4.1.名词e.g.1.4.2.形容词e.g.1.4.3.介词e.g.1.4.4.分词e.g.1.4.5.不定式e.g.1.4.6.句子4托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-5-e.g.1.5状语:1.5.1.副词e.g.1.5.2.介词短语e.g.1.5.3.分词e.g.1.5.4.不定式e.g.1.5.5.句子e.g
3、.5托福基础阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-6-二.五大基本句型2.1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)Theflowerblooms.Isometimesstayinbeduntillunchtime.EverydayIthoughtaboutpostcards.2.2主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语WelearnTOEFL.IdidnotenjoytheatreIcouldnotheartheactorsIcouldnotbeartheloudnoiseinthehouse.PostcardsalwaysspoilmyholidaysIvisitedmuseumsandsatinp
4、ublicgardens.Ireadafewlines,butIdidnotunderstandaword.2.3主语+系动词+表语Wefeelwell/arepromisingstudents.Igotveryangry常见的系动词:be动词,feel,look,sound,smell等表示“感觉”的动词;become,go,get等表示“变成”类的动词;remain,stay等表示“保持,存在”的动词2.4主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语=主语+谓语+直接宾语+to(for,of,on)+间接宾语Hebuysmeabook.=Hebuysabookforme.6托福基础
5、阅读讲义---毛至博.doc-7-AfriendlywaitertaughtmeafewwordsofItalianThenhelentmeabookMyholidayspassedquickly,butIdidnotsendcardstomyfriends.常见的动词:give,lend,send,show,offer,tell,sell,teach,write,bring,deliver(to),buy,make,get,choose,leave留下,order(for),ask(of)2.5主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Ifindthebookthere.当宾语补足语
6、是宾语的“发出动作”者时,表示主动。Ifoundhimlaughing.当宾语补足语是宾语的“接受动作”者时,表示被动。Ihearmynamecalled.常见的此类动词:see,hear,feel,keep,leave,catch,find,make,have,get备注:1.只能接动名词作宾语的动词:admit,advise,advocate,risk,appreciate,envy,avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,understand,giveup,imagin
7、e,keep,mind,miss,practice,putoff,resist,suggest;can’thelp,can’tstand,devoteto,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto,beaddictedto,objectto,giveup2.只能接不定式作宾语的动词:happen,offer,promise,agree,refuse,decide,determine,pretend,fail,learn,wish,hope,expect,afford3.接动名词、不定式均可,意义相同的动词: