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1、中文3150字毕业论文外文翻译出处：openeconomiesreview作者SAMARVERMAM原文：ExportCompetitivenessofIndianTextileandGarmentIndustryINTRODUCTIONTheinternationaltradeintextileandclothingsectorshasbeenaegregiousexceptiontothemostfavourednationprincipleofGATTand,sincetheearly1960s,hasbeenacaseo
2、fmanagedtradethroughforcedconsensus.However,theWTOAgreementonTextileandClothing(ATC)markedasignificantturnaround.AccordingtotheATC,beginning1stJanuary1995,alltextilesandclothingproductsthathadbeenhithertosubjectedtoMFA-quota,arescheduledtobeintegratedintoWTOoveraperi
3、odoftenyears.“Thedismantlingofthequotaregimerepresentsbothanopportunityaswellasathreat.Anopportunitybecausemarketswillnolongerberestricted;athreatbecausemarketswillnolongerbeguaranteedbyquotas,andeventhedomesticmarketwillbeopentocompetition”.From1stJanuary2005,theref
4、ore,alltextileandclothingproductswouldbetradedinternationallywithoutquota-restrictions.Andthisimpendingrealitybringstheissueofcompetitivenesstotheforeforallfirmsinthetextileandclothingsectors,includingthoseinIndia.ItisimperativetounderstandthetruecompetitivenessofInd
5、iantextileandclothingfirmsinordertomakeanassessmentofwhatliesaheadin2005andbeyond.Owingtoitssignificantcontribution,theIndiantextileandclothingindustryoccupiesauniqueplaceintheIndianeconomy.Itcontributesabout4%ofGDPand14%ofindustrialoutput.Secondlargestemployeraftera
6、griculture,theindustryprovidesdirectemploymentto35millionpeopleincludingsubstantialsegmentsofweakersectionsofsociety.Withaverylowimport-intensityofabout1.5%only,itisthelargestnetforeignexchangeearnerinIndia,earningalmost35%offoreignexchange.Thisistheonlyindustrythati
7、sself-sufficientandcompleteincottonvaluechain-producingeverythingfromfibrestothehighestvalueaddedfinishedproductofgarments.ItsgrowthandvitalitythereforehascriticalbearingsontheIndianeconomyatlarge.WhatIsCompetitiveness?Competitivenessisaboutproductivity,whichinturnis
8、afunctionoffactorsrelatedtocostofproducts,aswellasthoserelatedtonon-pricefactorssuchasdeliveryschedules,reliabilityofproducers,ands
