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1、中文3150字毕业论文外文翻译出处：openeconomiesreview作者SAMARVERMAM原文：ExportCompetitivenessofIndianTextileandGarmentIndustryINTRODUCTIONTheinternationaltradeintextileandclothingsectorshasbeenaegregiousexceptiontothemostfavourednationprincipleofGATTand,sincetheearly1960s,hasbeenacaseofmanagedtradethroughforc
2、edconsensus.However,theWTOAgreementonTextileandClothing(ATC)markedasignificantturnaround.AccordingtotheATC,beginning1stJanuary1995,alltextilesandclothingproductsthathadbeenhithertosubjectedtoMFA-quota,arescheduledtobeintegratedintoWTOoveraperiodoftenyears.“Thedismantlingofthequotaregimerepr
3、esentsbothanopportunityaswellasathreat.Anopportunitybecausemarketswillnolongerberestricted;athreatbecausemarketswillnolongerbeguaranteedbyquotas,andeventhedomesticmarketwillbeopentocompetition”.From1stJanuary2005,therefore,alltextileandclothingproductswouldbetradedinternationallywithoutquot
4、a-restrictions.Andthisimpendingrealitybringstheissueofcompetitivenesstotheforeforallfirmsinthetextileandclothingsectors,includingthoseinIndia.ItisimperativetounderstandthetruecompetitivenessofIndiantextileandclothingfirmsinordertomakeanassessmentofwhatliesaheadin2005andbeyond.Owingtoitssign
5、ificantcontribution,theIndiantextileandclothingindustryoccupiesauniqueplaceintheIndianeconomy.Itcontributesabout4%ofGDPand14%ofindustrialoutput.Secondlargestemployerafteragriculture,theindustryprovidesdirectemploymentto35millionpeopleincludingsubstantialsegmentsofweakersectionsofsociety.Wit
6、haverylowimport-intensityofabout1.5%only,itisthelargestnetforeignexchangeearnerinIndia,earningalmost35%offoreignexchange.Thisistheonlyindustrythatisself-sufficientandcompleteincottonvaluechain-producingeverythingfromfibrestothehighestvalueaddedfinishedproductofgarments.Itsgrowthandvitalityt
7、hereforehascriticalbearingsontheIndianeconomyatlarge.WhatIsCompetitiveness?Competitivenessisaboutproductivity,whichinturnisafunctionoffactorsrelatedtocostofproducts,aswellasthoserelatedtonon-pricefactorssuchasdeliveryschedules,reliabilityofproducers,ands
