地球物理学基础作业01.doc

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1、地球物理学基础(2013)作业01布置时间：2013-9-17倜二)交作业时间：2013-9-24(周二)1.将下面的英文翻译成屮文Althoughthemanyadvancesingeophysicalresearchdependstronglyontheaidofcomputerscience,thefundamentalprinciplesofgeophysicalmethodsremainthesame;theyconstitutethefoundationonwhichprogressisbased・

2、Inrevisingthistextbook,IhaveheededtheadviceofteacherswhohaveuseditandwhorecommendedthatIchangeaslittleaspossibleandonlyasmuchasnecessary(toparaphrasemedicaladviceontheuseofmedication).Thereviewsofthefirstedition,thefeedbackfromnumerousstudentsandteachers,and

3、theadviceoffriendsandcolleagueshelpedmegreatlyindecidingwhattodo.Thestructureofthebookhasbeenchangedslightlycomparedtothefirstedition.Thefinalchapterongeodynamicshasbeenremovedanditscontentsintegratedintotheearlierchapters,wheretheyfitbette匚Text-boxeshavebee

4、nintroducedtohandlematerialthatmeritedfurtherexplanation,ormoreextensivetreatmentthanseemedappropriateforthebodyofthetext.Twoappendiceshavebeenaddedtohandlemoreadequatelythethree-dimensionalwaveequationandthecoolingofahalf-space,respectively.Attheendofeachch

5、apterisalistofreviewquestionsthatshouldhelpstudentstoevaluatetheirknowledgeofwhattheyhaveread・Eachchapterisalsoaccompaniedbyasetofexercises.Theyareintendedtoprovidepracticeinhandlingsomeofthenumericalaspectsofthetopicsdiscussedinthechapte匚Theyshouldhelpthest

6、udenttobecomemorefamiliarwithgeophysicaltechniquesandtodevelopabetterunderstandingofthefundamentalprinciples.2.WritedownKepler'sthreelawsofplanetarymotion.Whichlawisaresultoftheconservationofmomentum?Whichlawisaresultoftheconservationofenergy?3.WhataretheLam

7、econstantsinseismictheory?4.Calculatethebulkmodulus体积模量(K),theshearmodulus剪切模量(

8、i)andPoisson'sratio泊松比(u)forthelowercrust地壳,uppermantleandlowermantle,respectively,usingK=—V罷=p^andg(r)=—=4nx2p(x)dxandthevaluesfortheP-wavcs(a)andS-wavcs(P)velocities,anddcnsity

9、(p)giveninthefollowingtable.RegionDepth[km]a[kmsl]P[kms'1]P[kmm-3]Lowercrust337.44.83100Uppermantle4008.512.23900Lowermantle220012.27.05300(SeealsoExercise1inthetextbook"FundamentalsofGeophysics