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ID:5315435
大小:5.51 MB
页数:77页
时间:2017-11-23
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1、Chapter19TransplantationImmunology2006-7year1ImmunologyContentsIntroductionImmunologicBasisofAllograftRejectionClassificationandEffectorMechanismsofallograftrejectionPreventionandTreatmentofAllograftRejectionXenotransplantation2006-7year2ImmunologyIntroduction2006-7year3ImmunologyConceptionsTransp
2、lantationGraftsDonorsRecipientsorhostsOrthotopictransplantationHeterotopictransplantation2006-7year4ImmunologyNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine1912AlexisCarrel(France)WorkonvascularsutureandthetransplantationofbloodvesselsandorgansGreateventsinhistoryoftransplantation2006-7year5ImmunologyNobelPrizei
3、nPhysiologyorMedicine1960PeterBrianMedawar(1/2)DiscoveryofacquiredimmunologicaltoleranceThegraftreactionisanimmunityphenomenon1950s,inducedimmunologicaltolerancetoskinallograftsinmicebyneonatalinjectionofallogeneiccellsGreateventsinhistoryoftransplantation2006-7year6ImmunologyNobelPrizeinPhysiology
4、orMedicine1990JosephE.Murray(1/2)DiscoveriesconcerningorgantransplantationinthetreatmentofhumandiseaseIn1954,thefirstsuccessfulhumankidneytransplantwasperformedbetweentwinsinBoston.Transplantswerepossibleinunrelatedpeopleifdrugsweretakentosuppressthebody'simmunereactionGreateventsinhistoryoftranspl
5、antation2006-7year7ImmunologyNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine1980GeorgeD.Snell(1/3),JeanDausset(1/3)DiscoveriesconcerninggeneticallydeterminedstructuresonthecellsurfacethatregulateimmunologicalreactionsH-genes(histocompatibilitygenes),H-2geneHumantransplantationantigens(HLA)----MHCGreateventsinhist
6、oryoftransplantation2006-7year8ImmunologyNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine1988GertrudeB.Elion(1/3),GeorgeH.Hitchings(1/3)DiscoveriesofimportantprinciplesfordrugtreatmentImmunosuppressantdrug(Thefirstcytotoxicdrugs)-----azathioprineGreateventsinhistoryoftransplantation2006-7year9ImmunologyToday,kidne
7、y,pancreas,heart,lung,liver,bonemarrow,andcorneatransplantationsareperformedamongnon-identicalindividualswitheverincreasingfrequencyandsuccess2006-7year10ImmunologyClassificationofgraftsAutologousgrafts(Aut
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