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1、Literaltranslation,ordirecttranslation,istherenderingoftextfromonelanguagetoanother"word-for-word"(Latin:"verbumproverbo")ratherthanconveyingthesenseoftheoriginal.(Thisdistinctionisvalidonlywhenaliteraltranslationdoesnotaccuratelyconveythesense,whichisnotinvaria
2、blytrue.)Intranslationstudies,"literaltranslation"denotestechnicaltranslationofscientific,technical,technologicalorlegaltexts.[1]Intranslationtheory,anothertermfor"literaltranslation"is"metaphrase";andforphrasal("sense")translation—"paraphrase."Whenconsideredaba
3、dpracticeofconveyingwordbyword(lexemetolexeme,ormorphemetolexeme)translationofnon-technicaltypeliteraltranslationshasthemeaningofmistranslatingidioms,[2]forexample,orinthecontextoftranslatingananalyticlanguagetoasyntheticlanguage,itrenderseventhegrammarunintelli
4、gible.TranslationofneologismsintoChinesegenerallyfollowsthreeprinciples:freetranslation(意译,literally"translationaccordingtomeaning")andtranscription(音译,literally"translationaccordingtosound")oracombinationofthetwo.Literaltranslation,ordirecttranslation,istherend
5、eringoftextfromonelanguagetoanother"word-for-word"(Latin:"verbumproverbo")ratherthanconveyingthesenseoftheoriginal.(Thisdistinctionisvalidonlywhenaliteraltranslationdoesnotaccuratelyconveythesense,whichisnotinvariablytrue.)Intranslationstudies,"literaltranslatio
6、n"denotestechnicaltranslationofscientific,technical,technologicalorlegaltexts.Intranslationtheory,anothertermfor"literaltranslation"is"metaphrase";andforphrasal("sense")translation—"paraphrase."Whenconsideredabadpracticeofconveyingwordbyword(lexemetolexeme,ormor
7、phemetolexeme)translationofnon-technicaltypeliteraltranslationshasthemeaningofmistranslatingidioms,forexample,orinthecontextoftranslatingananalyticlanguagetoasyntheticlanguage,itrenderseventhegrammarunintelligible.Freetranslation意译／意译;yìyì,literally"translationa
8、ccordingtomeaning"InChinese,traditionally,freetranslationsareusedfortranslatingofnon-propernouns(propernounsincludenamesofpeople,places,countries,etc.).Mostnon-proper
