收益管理回顾.pdf

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1、AirlineRevenueManagement:AnOverviewofORTechniques1982-2001*KevinPak†NandaPiersmaJanuary,2002EconometricInstituteReportEI2002-03AbstractWiththeincreasinginterestindecisionsupportsystemsandthecontinuousadvanceofcomputerscience,revenuemanagementisadisciplinewhichhasreceivedagreatdealofinterestinr

2、ecentyears.Althoughrevenuemanagementhasseenmanynewapplicationsthroughouttheyears,themainfocusofresearchcontinuestobetheairlineindustry.EversinceLittlewood(1972)firstproposedasolutionmethodfortheairlinerevenuemanagementproblem,avarietyofsolutionmethodshavebeenintroduced.Inthispaperwewillgiveano

3、verviewofthesolutionmethodspresentedthroughouttheliterature.Keywords:RevenueManagement,SeatInventoryControl,ORtechniques*ErasmusResearchInstituteofManagementandEconometricInstitute,ErasmusUniversityRotterdam,TheNetherlands†EconometricInstitute,ErasmusUniversityRotterdam,TheNetherlands1.Introdu

4、ction1.1.RevenueManagementCompaniessellingperishablegoodsorservicesoftenfacetheproblemofsellingafixedcapacityofaproductoverafinitehorizon.Ifthemarketischaracterizedbycustomerswillingtopaydifferentpricesfortheproduct,itisoftenpossibletotargetdifferentcustomersegmentsbytheuseofproductdifferentia

5、tion.Thiscreatestheopportunitytoselltheproducttodifferentcustomersegmentsfordifferentprices,e.g.chargingdifferentpricesatdifferentpointsintimeorofferingahigherservicelevelforahigherprice.Inordertodoso,decisionswillhavetobemadeaboutthepricestochargeandthenumberofproductstoreserveforeachcustomer

6、segment.Makingthiskindofdecisionsisthetopicofrevenuemanagement.Revenuemanagementcanbedefinedastheartofmaximizingprofitgeneratedfromalimitedcapacityofaproductoverafinitehorizonbysellingeachproducttotherightcustomerattherighttimefortherightprice.Itencompassespracticessuchasprice-discriminationan

7、dturningdowncustomersinanticipationofother,moreprofitablecustomers.Revenuemanagementoriginatesfromtheairlineindustry,wherederegulationofthefaresinthe1970'sledtoheavycompetitionandtheopportunitiesforrevenuemanagementschemeswereacknowledg