课件_初中英语语法讲座-定语从句.pptx

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1、初中英语语法讲座定语从句By-Zakzeng【考点扫描】（一）定语从句的功用和结构（二）关系代词和关系副词的功用（三）各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法一.定语从句的功用和结构1、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词小小的感受一下1、Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.2、Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?3、Istil

2、lrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?4、ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.（二）.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuch

3、butdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾语SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatheri

4、sateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。Doyouknowtheyoungma

5、n(whom)wemetatthegate？MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedye

6、sterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语

7、。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeento

8、thatplace.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.2.只能用which，不用that的情况(1)在非限制性定语从中。